Brandon
City
City of Brandon
Skyline of Brandon Dominion Exhibition Display Building II Brandon Court House Brandon Central Fire Station building Downtown Brandon Assiniboine River Brandon University
Flag Coat of arms Logo
Nicknames:  "Wheat City"[1]
Motto(s):  "Vires Acquirit Eundo"  (Latin) "She acquires strength through progress"
Brandon Location of Brandon Show map of Canada Brandon Brandon (Manitoba) Show map of Manitoba
Coordinates: 49°50′49″N 099°57′08″W / 49.84694°N 99.95222°W / 49.84694; -99.95222[2]
Country	Canada
Province	Manitoba
Region	Westman
Incorporated	30 May 1882
Government
• Mayor	Jeff Fawcett
• Governing Body	Brandon City Council
• MLAs	Glen Simard (NDP) Wayne Balcaen (PC) Grant Jackson (PC)
• MP	Larry Maguire (CPC)
Area
• City	79.04 km2 (30.52 sq mi)
• Urban	76.89 km2 (29.69 sq mi)
• Metro	2,289.33 km2 (883.92 sq mi)
Elevation	409.40 m (1,343.18 ft)
Population  (2021)[3][4]
• City	51,313 (2nd)
• Density	649.2/km2 (1,681/sq mi)
• Metro	54,268 (58th)
• Metro density	25.3/km2 (66/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC– 06:00 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC– 05:00 (CDT)
Forward sortation area	R7A – R7C
Area code(s)	204, 431
Demonym	Brandonite, Brandonian
Website	City of Brandon

Brandon (/ˈbrændən/) is the second-largest city in the province of Manitoba, Canada. It is located in the southwestern corner of the province on the banks of the Assiniboine River, approximately 214 km (133 mi) west of the provincial capital, Winnipeg, and 120 km (75 mi) east of the Saskatchewan border. Brandon covers an area of 77.41 km² (29.89 sq mi) with a population of 51,313,^[3] and a census metropolitan area population of 54,268.^[4] It is the primary hub of trade and commerce for the Westman Region as well as parts of southeastern Saskatchewan and northern North Dakota, an area with a population of over 190,000 people.^[5]

The City of Brandon was incorporated in 1882,^[6] having a history rooted in the Assiniboine River fur trade as well as its role as a major junction on the Canadian Pacific Railway.^[7] Known as The Wheat City, Brandon's economy is predominantly associated with agriculture,^[8] as well as health care, manufacturing, food processing, education, business services, and transportation.^[9][10]

Brandon's post-secondary institutions include Brandon University, Assiniboine Community College, Robertson College, and the Manitoba Emergency Services College.^[11] Canadian Forces Base Shilo is located 30 km (19 mi) east of Brandon and maintains close ties with the city.^[12] Brandon's Keystone Centre, one of the largest consolidated entertainment, recreation, convention, and agriculture complexes in Canada,^[13] is the home of the Brandon Wheat Kings and the Royal Manitoba Winter Fair.^[14]

History

Prior to the influx of people from Eastern Canada, the area around Brandon was primarily used by the Sioux people, the Bungays, the Yellow Quills, and the Bird Tails.^[15] In the 1870s and early 1880s, the Plains Bison were nearly wiped out by over-hunting. With the destruction of their staff of life, the buffalo, the nomadic Sioux people began to agree to settle in reservations such as the Sioux Valley Dakota Nation, or left the area entirely.

French Canadians also passed through the area on river boats on their way to the Hudson Bay Post, Fort Ellice located near present-day St. Lazare, Manitoba. The city of Brandon gets its name from the Blue Hills south of the city, which got their name from a Hudson's Bay trading post known as Brandon House, which got its name from a hill on an island in James Bay where Captain James had anchored his ship in 1631.^[15]

During the 1870s it was believed by most that the transcontinental railway would take a northwesterly direction from Portage la Prairie. Many thought that the route would most likely go through either Minnedosa or Rapid City, Manitoba because they were both located at natural river crossings. Rapid City was the front runner for the site of the new railway and had prepared for the impending building boom accordingly. But suddenly, in 1881, the builders of the railway decided to take a more westerly route from Winnipeg, towards Grand Valley.^[15] Grand Valley was located on the northern side of the Assiniboine, opposite the side of the river where present-day Brandon sits.

Grand Valley was originally settled by two brothers John and Dougal McVicar, and their families. With the expectation of the new railroad, settlers and prospectors now rushed to an area they had previously avoided.^[15] Around 1879 a few settlers led by Reverend George Roddick had begun to build their new homes about 10 miles (16 km) south of Grand Valley, at the foot of the Brandon Hills.^[15]

Meanwhile, in Grand Valley with the promise of the railway, the town began to boom. Regular voyages were made by steam sternwheelers to the city, each bringing more and more settlers.^[15] In the spring of 1881, General Thomas L. Rosser, Chief Engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in Grand Valley. It was Rosser's job to choose the townsites for the railway. Rosser approached Dougald McVicar of Grand Valley and offered him $25,000 for the railway in Grand Valley. McVicar countered with $50,000 to which Rosser replied that "I'll be damned if a town of any kind is ever built here".^[15] So instead Rosser crossed the Assiniboine river and built the site of the railway on the high sandy south of the River, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Grand Valley. So the site was then moved to a site just west of today's current First Street bridge in Brandon. A shanty had been built there by a man named J.D. Adamson, and it was on this quarter section Adamson claimed that Rosser chose as the townsite for the CPR Railway and named Brandon.^[15]

After the location of the railway was once again changed, there was still hope that Grand Valley could become a rival neighbour to Brandon. But late in June 1881 it became clear that Grand Valley would not have lasted as a city long term. A flood hit in late June, and as the city was built on a low-lying part of the river, flooded quickly and dramatically.^[15] Because Grand Valley was built on a low flood plain, and Brandon was built on the heights on the other side, it became apparent that Brandon was the best place for a city in the area.

Rosser had chosen Brandon as the townsite in May 1881, within a year settlers had flocked to Brandon in such numbers that it was incorporated as a city. Brandon never spent any time as a town or village but has only existed as a city.^[15]

An internment camp was set up at the Exhibition Building in Brandon from September 1914 to July 1916.^[16] Post World War II, Brandon experienced a minor disaster when an explosion at the Manitoba Power Commission's steam plant caused the 40 metre (130 ft) brick chimney to collapse, killing two workers in the process.^[17]

In contemporary times, Shari Decter Hirst defeated incumbent Dave Burgess in the 2010 municipal election to become the first female mayor of the city.^[18]

Geography

Brandon is located in south-western Manitoba, on the banks of the Assiniboine river. It is located in the Canadian Prairies and resides in the aspen parkland ecoregion of the prairies.^[19] The terrain is generally flat and rolling surrounding Brandon, and there is a large valley located within the city. The Brandon hills are located to the southeast, from which Brandon got its name. Brandon is 214 km (133 mi) from the provincial capital, Winnipeg; and 120 km (75 mi) from the Saskatchewan border.

Climate

Brandon has a dry continental climate (Köppen Dfb,^[20] USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 2b^[21]) with warm, sometimes hot summers and cold, dry winters. Daytime temperatures range from 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) in July to −10.5 °C (13.1 °F) in January. Brandon has a fairly dry climate, with 462 mm (18.2 in) of precipitation annually, and as such is located in the Palliser's Triangle region of the Prairies. There is measurable rainfall on 56.0 days throughout the year, and 38.8 days with snowfall. Snow falls from October to April; however, snow has fallen as late as May and as early as September. The highest temperature ever recorded in Brandon was 43.3 °C (110 °F) on 11 July 1936, during the 1936 North American heat wave. The lowest temperature ever recorded was −46.7 °C (−52 °F) on 1 February 1893.^[22]

General seasons

• Winter: November to March
• Spring: April to May
• Summer: June to August
• Fall: September to October

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Brandon had a population of 51,313 living in 21,203 of its 22,526 total private dwellings, a change of 5% from its 2016 population of 48,883. With a land area of 79.04 km² (30.52 sq mi), it had a population density of 649.2/km² (1,681.4/sq mi) in 2021.^[24]

The median age is 36.3 years old which is almost 5 years younger than the national average at 41.2 years old. There are 22,526 dwellings in Brandon with an occupancy rate of 94.1%, and the median cost of a dwelling at $264,781, much lower than the national average at $341,556.

As far as education goes, for those between 25 and 64 years old, 57.0% have a post-secondary schooling degree, 29.8% have a high school degree (or equivalent) and 13.2% have no certificates, diplomas or degrees. The unemployment rate is 7.3% in Brandon, lower than the national average at 7.7%. The median household income before taxes is $65,960, and after taxes at $57,008.

As of 2016, 88.8% of Brandon's residents are Canadian citizens. About 5.5% of residents are recent immigrants (from 2011 to 2016).

Ethnicity

Brandon is 70.1% white, 16.3% visible minorities and 13.6% aboriginal. The largest visible minority groups in Brandon are Latin American (5.0%), Chinese (3.8%), South Asian (3.0%), Black (2.1%) and Filipino (1.1%).

Panethnic groups in the City of Brandon (2001–2021)

Panethnic group	2021[27]		2016[28]		2011[29]		2006[30]		2001[31]
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
European[a]	32,115	64.44%	33,295	70.01%	34,685	77.28%	35,105	86.24%	34,260	87.98%
Indigenous	7,075 Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Brandon,_Manitoba >Text je dostupný pod licencí Creative Commons Uveďte autora – Zachovejte licenci, případně za dalších podmínek. Podrobnosti naleznete na stránce Podmínky užití. Zdroj: Wikipedia.org - čítajte viac o Brandon, Manitoba Navigace: Módní doplňky > Šperkařství Šperky Chytré hodinky Galanterie Hodinářské firmy Hodinky Hodiny Módní doplňky Minerály Pokrývky hlavy Sklářství Zlatníci Zlatnictví Příbuzné výrazy : Řetízek (ozdoba) Šátek Beadweaving Bižuterie Bolo Dřevěný motýlek Deštník Digitálky Fiží Galanterie Hodinky Kšandy Kapesník Korálek Kravata Lanyard Modista Motýlek (oděvní doplněk) Odznak Pléd Placka (odznak) Rukávník Spona na kravatu Sponka do vlasů Tabulky (kolárek) Vějíř Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia. Copyright.sk © 2024