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Collateral ligaments of metacarpophalangeal joints | |
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![]() Metacarpophalangeal joint and joints of digit. Ulnar aspect. | |
Details | |
Identifiers | |
Latin | ligamenta collateralia articulationum metacarpophalangearum |
TA98 | A03.5.11.502 |
TA2 | 1836 |
FMA | 42771 71407, 42771 |
Anatomical terminology |
In human anatomy, the radial (RCL) and ulnar (UCL) collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) of the hand are the primary stabilisers of the MCP joints.[1] A collateral ligament flanks each MCP joint - one on either side. Each attaches proximally at the head of the metacarpal bone, and distally at the base of the phalynx. Each extends obliquely in a palmar direction from its proximal attachment to its distal attachment.[2] The collateral ligaments allow spreading our the fingers with an open hand but not with the hand closed into a fist.
Structure
Each collateral ligament has two parts: a cord-like collateral ligament proper (located more dorsally), and an accessory collateral ligament (located more volarly).[3]
Attachments
The collateral ligaments originate on depressions on each side of the metacarpal heads dorsal to axis of rotation. From there, they extend obliquely and distally to their insertions onto tubercles at the base of the proximal phalanx. The accessory collateral ligaments originate volar to the collateral ligaments and are inserted on the palmar plate.[1]
Function
Due to the relation between their insertions on the sides of the metacarpal head and the axis of rotation in the joint, the collateral ligaments are taut in flexion but lax in extension, while the accessory collateral ligaments are lax in flexion but taut in extension.[1] The collateral ligaments are lengthened 3–4 mm when the joint flexes 0-80° while the accessory collateral ligaments are shortened 1–2 mm. During hyperextension the accessory ligaments are lengthened while the proper ligaments are shortened.[3] As a result, the joint is stable during full flexion while the relaxed collateral ligaments allows lateral and rotation movements during extension.[4]
The tendons of interosseous and lumbricales add to the lateral stability of the joint.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d Berger, Richard A.; Weiss, Arnold-Peter C. (2004). Hand Surgery. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781728744.
- ^ Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). p. 91. ISBN 978-0-7295-3752-0.
- ^ a b Levangie, Pamela K.; Norkin, Cynthia C. (2011-03-09). Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. F.A. Davis. ISBN 9780803626348.
- ^ Ford, D. J. (1999). "Finger Bone and Joint Injuries Edited by P. Brüser and A. Gilbert. Martin Dunitz, London, 1999. ISBN 1-85317-690-7. Price £65". Journal of Hand Surgery, British Volume. 24 (6): 754. doi:10.1054/JHSB.1999.0321. ISSN 0266-7681. S2CID 68915129.
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Latin
Terminologia Anatomica
Terminologia Anatomica
Foundational Model of Anatomy
Anatomical terminology
Q5145995
Human anatomy
Radius (bone)
Ulna
collateral
Ligament
Metacarpophalangeal joint
Hand
Metacarpus
Palmar plate
Hyperextension
Interossei
Lumbricals of the hand
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Special:BookSources/9780781728744
ISBN (identifier)
Special:BookSources/978-0-7295-3752-0
ISBN (identifier)
Special:BookSources/9780803626348
Doi (identifier)
ISSN (identifier)
S2CID (identifier)
Template:Joints of upper limbs
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Joint
Ligament
Arm
Shoulder
Sternoclavicular joint
Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
Interclavicular ligament
Costoclavicular ligament
Acromioclavicular joint
Syndesmosis
Coracoacromial ligament
Superior transverse scapular ligament
Inferior transverse ligament of scapula
Synovial joint
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Coracoclavicular ligament
Trapezoid ligament
Conoid ligament
Glenohumeral joint
Articular capsule of the humerus
Coracohumeral ligament
Glenohumeral ligaments
Transverse humeral ligament
Glenoid labrum
Elbow
Humeroradial joint
Radial collateral ligament of elbow joint
Humeroulnar joint
Ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint
Proximal radioulnar articulation
Anular ligament of radius
Oblique cord
Quadrate ligament
Forearm
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Palmar radioulnar ligament
Dorsal radioulnar ligament
Interosseous membrane of forearm
Hand
Wrist
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
Palmar radiocarpal ligament
Dorsal ulnocarpal ligament
Palmar ulnocarpal ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament of wrist joint
Radial collateral ligament of wrist joint
Intercarpal joints
Midcarpal joint
Radiate carpal ligament
Dorsal intercarpal ligament
Palmar intercarpal ligaments
Interosseous intercarpal ligaments
Scapholunate ligament
Pisiform joint
Pisohamate ligament
Pisometacarpal ligament
Carpometacarpal joint
Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments
Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments
Carpometacarpal joint#Thumb
Radial collateral ligament of thumb
Ulnar collateral ligament of thumb
Intermetacarpal joints
Deep transverse metacarpal ligament
Superficial transverse metacarpal ligament
Metacarpophalangeal joint
Palmar plate
Interphalangeal joints of hand
Collateral ligament of interphalangeal joints of hand
Palmar plate
Carpal tunnel
Ulnar canal
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