Jonathan Glazer
Glazer in 2023
Born	(1965-03-26) 26 March 1965 (age 59) London, England
Education	Nottingham Trent University (BA)
Occupations	Film director screenwriter
Years active	1993–present
Notable work	Sexy Beast (2000) Birth (2004) Under the Skin (2013) The Zone of Interest (2023)
Spouse	Rachael Penfold
Children	3

Jonathan Glazer (born 26 March 1965) is an English film director and screenwriter. He began his career in theatre before transitioning into film, directing the features Sexy Beast (2000), Birth (2004), Under the Skin (2013), and The Zone of Interest (2023).

Glazer's work is defined by depictions of flawed and desperate characters; themes such as alienation and loneliness; and a bold visual style uses an omniscient perspective and dramatic music. Glazer has been nominated for six BAFTA Awards and two Academy Awards. For the historical drama The Zone of Interest, he won the Grand Prix and the FIPRESCI Prize at the 2023 Cannes Film Festival, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay.

Glazer has directed music videos for acts including Radiohead, Massive Attack, Richard Ashcroft and Jamiroquai. He received nominations for the MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction for his videos for Jamiroquai's "Virtual Insanity" (1996) and Radiohead's "Karma Police" (1997). He has also directed commercials for brands including Kodak, Sony, Nike, Barclays and Alexander McQueen.

Jonathan Glazer was born on 26 March 1965 in London, England,^[2] and is of Ashkenazi Jewish descent.^[1][3] His ancestors were Ukrainian Jews and Bessarabian Jews who fled the Kishinev pogrom and arrived in the United Kingdom in the 1900s.^[3][4] He said: "My great-grandparents were born in Vilnius and Odesa. One was a tailor. His wife, a seamstress."^[3] His family lived in Hadley Wood, near Barnet, and was Reform Jewish: "Synagogue three times a year, and Friday-night dinners every week."^[4] His father was a cinephile, with whom he frequently watched David Lean, Sidney Lumet, Sydney Pollack, and Billy Wilder movies.^[4][5]

Glazer attended the Jewish Free School, then located in the borough of Camden.^[6] During his childhood, he participated in the Givat Washington programme, spending five months in a religious boarding school in Israel. After finishing high school, he went to art school, "because drawing was... the only thing he was good at".^[6]

After graduating with an emphasis in theatre design from Nottingham Trent University, Glazer began his career directing theatre and making film and television trailers.^[5][7]

In 1993, Glazer wrote and directed three short films ("Mad", "Pool" and "Commission"), and joined Academy Commercials, a production company based in Central London.^{[citation needed]} He directed campaigns for Guinness (Dreamer, Swimblack and Surfer)^[8][9] and Stella Artois (Devil's Island).^[10]

Glazer directed two music videos for the rock band Radiohead, "Street Spirit" (1996) and "Karma Police" (1997). He named "Street Spirit" as a turning point in his work: "I knew when I finished that, because found their own voices as an artist, at that point, I felt like I got close to whatever mine was, and I felt confident that I could do things that emoted, that had some kind of poetic as well as prosaic value."^[11] Glazer won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction in 1997 for his work on "Karma Police" and Jamiroquai's "Virtual Insanity" (1996).^[12] He was unsatisfied with his "Karma Police" video, saying he had "missed emotionally and dramatically".^[11] He described his video for the 1998 single "Rabbit in Your Headlights", by Unkle and the Radiohead singer Thom Yorke, as a more successful "partner" to the "Karma Police" video.^[11] Glazer's 1999 television advert "Surfer", for Guinness, was voted the best of all time in a poll conducted by Channel 4 and The Sunday Times the following year.^[13]

In 2000, Glazer directed his first feature, the gangster film Sexy Beast, starring Ray Winstone and Ben Kingsley. Kingsley was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.^[14] In 2004, he directed his second feature film, Birth, starring Nicole Kidman.^[15]

In 2001, Glazer directed the "Odyssey" spot for Levi Strauss jeans.^[16][17] In 2006, he directed the second Sony BRAVIA TV advertisement, which took ten days and 250 people to film. It was filmed at an estate in Glasgow, and featured paint exploding all over the tower blocks.^[18] Later the same year, he was commissioned to make a television advert for the new Motorola Red phone. The advertisement, showing two naked black bodies emerging from a lump of flesh rotating on a potter's wheel, was due to air in September 2006 but was shelved by Motorola. The advertisement was to benefit several charities in Africa.^{[citation needed]}

In 2013, Glazer directed Under the Skin, a loose adaptation of Michel Faber's science fiction novel of the same name starring Scarlett Johansson. The film premiered at the 2013 Telluride Film Festival and received a theatrical release in 2014, garnering critical acclaim.^[19] The film was named the best film of 2014 by numerous critics and publications,^[20] was included in many best-of-the-decade lists, and ranked 61st on the BBC's 100 Greatest Films of the 21st Century list, an international poll of 177 top critics.^[21]

Glazer's fourth feature film, The Zone of Interest, based loosely on the 2014 novel by Martin Amis, premiered at the 2023 Cannes Film Festival to acclaim.^[22] It competed for the Palme d'Or,^[23] and won the Grand Prix and FIPRESCI Prize.^[24] At the 96th Academy Awards, The Zone of Interest won the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film.^[25]

In his acceptance speech, Glazer addressed the ongoing Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip:^{[25][26][27][28]}

All our choices are made to reflect and confront us in the present. Not to say, 'Look what they did then,' rather 'Look what we do now.' Our film shows where dehumanisation leads at its worst. It shaped all of our past and present. Right now, we stand here as men who refute their Jewishness and the Holocaust being hijacked by an occupation which has led to conflict for so many innocent people. Whether the victims of October 7th in Israel or the ongoing attack on Gaza, all the victims of this dehumanization — how do we resist?

Known to be discreet about his private life,^[29] Glazer is married to the visual effects supervisor Rachael Penfold.^[30] They live in Camden, North London with their three children.^[1] He is Jewish.^[5][31] Glazer named Stanley Kubrick as his favourite director and said he was close to Italian and Russian cinema.^[1] His influences include Ingmar Bergman, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Federico Fellini, and Pier Paolo Pasolini.^[29]

• Channel 4 presentation (September 2015)^[39]

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