Politics of Finland
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This article is a list of political parties in Finland, which includes Finland’s national-level political parties and excludes local and provincial parties (such as the parties of Åland). A party is defined as a political association whose existence is recorded in the Ministry of Justice’s party register.^[1]

Finland has a multi-party system. Coalition governments which comprise a majority of seats in the Parliament of Finland are the norm. Those parties which are not in government are called the opposition. Due to the lack of an electoral threshold, many parties are usually represented in Parliament. As a result, it is all but impossible for one party to win a majority. Additionally, the socialist and non-socialist blocs usually cannot win enough seats between them to form a governing coalition on their own. Most Finnish governments, particularly since World War II, have thus been grand coalitions comprising parties stretching across the political spectrum.

Parties work in parliamentary groups (eduskuntaryhmät), usually voting with party discipline, which is however not absolute.

Parties are composed of local chapters based in municipalities. In municipalities, which are fundamental administrative units of the country, parties hold seats in the municipal councils, but often have to compete for them with local non-party groups.

Finnish law states that a political association which fulfills certain conditions is eligible to become a political party free of charge.^[1] Among these conditions are:

• that the primary purpose of the association is to affect governmental affairs,
• that it has received at least 5,000 votes in any parliamentary, municipal, or European Parliament election,
• that the association's rules secure the following of democratic principles in its decision making and activities,
• and that it has a general program based on these rules which expresses the association's principles and goals regarding its actions in governmental affairs.

A registered party may nominate candidates in any national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 signatures from supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register but may apply again. (In contrast, a voluntary association has a requirement of 20,000 supporters and is not eligible for party subsidy).

Parliamentary parties

Party				Ideology	MPs	MEPs	CCs	Leader	Founded	Ref
		National Coalition Party Kansallinen Kokoomus (Samlingspartiet)	Finnish: Kok Swedish: Saml	Liberal conservatism	48 / 200	4 / 15	1,552 / 8,859	Petteri Orpo	1918	[2][3][4]
		Finns Party Perussuomalaiset (Sannfinländarna)	Finnish: PS Swedish: Sannf	National conservatism Right-wing populism	45 / 200	1 / 15	1,351 / 8,859	Riikka Purra	1995	[2][3][4][5]
		Social Democratic Party Sosialidemokraatit (Socialdemokraterna)	SDP SD	Social democracy	43 / 200	2 / 15	1,451 / 8,859	Antti Lindtman	1899	[2][3][4]
		Centre Party Suomen Keskusta (Centern i Finland)	Finnish: Kesk Swedish: C	Agrarianism (Nordic) Liberalism	23 / 200	2 / 15	2,445 / 8,859	Antti Kaikkonen	1906	[2][3][4][6]
		Green League Vihreä liitto (Gröna förbundet) (Ruoná lihttu) (Ruánáá litto) (Ruânn lett)	Vihr	Green politics Green liberalism	13 / 200	2 / 15	433 / 8,859	Sofia Virta	1987	[2][3][4]
		Left Alliance Vasemmistoliitto (Vänsterförbundet)	Finnish: Vas Swedish: VF	Democratic socialism Eco-socialism	11 / 200	3 / 15	508 / 8,859	Li Andersson	1990	[2][3][4]
		Swedish People's Party Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue (Svenska folkpartiet)	Swedish: SFP Finnish: RKP R	Liberalism Swedish-speaking minority interests	9 / 200	1 / 15	463 / 8,859	Anders Adlercreutz	1906	[2][3][4][7]
		Christian Democrats Kristillisdemokraatit (Kristdemokraterna)	KD	Christian democracy Social conservatism	5 / 200	0 / 15	311 / 8,859	Sari Essayah	1958	[2][3][4]
		Movement Now Liike Nyt (Rörelse Nu)	Finnish: Liik Swedish: RN	Economic liberalism	1 / 200	0 / 15	49 / 8,859	Harry Harkimo	2018	[8][9][10][11]

Extra-parliamentary parties

Registered

Those parties that have received neither a seat in the Parliament of Finland nor in the European Parliament, but which are registered political parties, are listed below.

De-registered

The parties listed below have previously held the status of a registered party, but have been de-registered.

Historical parties

Parliamentary historical parties

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