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This list of the tallest chimneys in the world ranks chimneys by height.
Use
Although many kinds of industrial facilities have tall chimneys, most of the chimneys with heights of 200 m (660 ft) or more are part of thermal, especially coal-fired power stations. This is to increase the stack effect and disperse pollutants. Only a few smelters, steel mills, chemical factories and oil refineries use such tall chimneys.
Timeline of world's tallest chimney
Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, tall chimneys were built, at the beginning with bricks, and later also of concrete or steel. Although chimneys never held the absolute height record, they are among the tallest free-standing architectural structures and often hold national records (as tallest free-standing or as overall tallest structures of a country).[citation needed]
Held record | Name and location | Completed | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From | To | |||||
1820 | 1835 | Chimney of North Lotts Glass Bottle Company, Dublin, Ireland[1] | 1820 | 30 | 95 | |
1835 | 1842 | Adams' Soap Works Chimney, Smethwick, Birmingham, England, UK[1] | September–October 1836 | 97.5 | 312 | |
1842 | 1859 | Tennant's Stalk, Glasgow, Scotland, UK[1] | 29 June 1842[2] | 132.7 | 435.5 | Struck by lightning and shortened; demolished in 1922.[3] |
1859 | 1885 | Port Dundas Townsend Chimney, Glasgow, Scotland, UK[1] | 6 October 1859[2] | 138.3 | 454 | Demolished in 1928.[4][5] |
1885 | 1889 | Langer Emil, Mechernich, Germany | 19 September 1885 | 134.6 | 442 | Demolished on 28 October 1961.[6] |
1889 | 1908 | Halsbrücker Esse, Halsbrücke, Germany | 28 October 1889 | 140 | 459 | |
1908 | 1914 | The Big Stack, Great Falls, Montana, USA | 23 November 1908 | 154.8 | 508 | Demolished in 1982. |
1914 | 1916 | Hitachi Smelter and Refinery Stack, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan[7] | 13 March 1914 | 155.7 | 511 | Partially collapsed in 1993. |
1916 | 1917 | Saganoseki Smelter and Refinery First Stack, Saganoseki, Ōita, Japan[8] | November 1916 | 167.6 | 550 | Demolished in 2013. |
1917 | 1919 | Ruston Smelter Stack, Ruston, Washington, USA | 1917 | 174.0 | 571 | Demolished on 17 January 1993. |
1919 | 1937 | Anaconda Smelter Stack, Anaconda, Montana, USA | 5 May 1919 | 178.3 | 585 | Tallest chimney built of bricks. |
1937 | 1951 | Lead Smelter Chimney of American Smelting and Refining Co, Selby, California, USA[9] | 1937 | 184.7 | 606 | Possibly demolished in 1972–73. |
1951 | 1954 | Lead Smelter Chimney of American Smelting and Refining Co, El Paso, Texas, USA | 1950–51 | 183 or 186 | 600[10][11] or 611'8"[12][13][14] | Conflicting information on actual height or the chimney's height may have been subsequently reduced. Demolished in April 2013. |
1954 | 1962 | INCO Copper Cliff Nickel Refinery Stack, Sudbury, Ontario,[15] Canada | 1954 | 194 | 637 | |
1962 | 1965 | Chimney of Schilling Power Station, Stade, Germany | 1962 | 220 | 722 | Demolished in 2006.[16] |
1965 | 1966 | 1st chimney of ASARCO Copper Smelter, El Paso, Texas, USA | 1965 | 248 | 813 | Possibly demolished. |
1966 | 1967 | Chimney of Kashira Power Plant, Kashira, USSR (now Russia) | 1966[17][18] | 250 | 820 | |
1967 | 1967 | 2nd chimney of ASARCO Copper Smelter, El Paso, Texas, USA[19] | 30 January 1967 | 252.5 | 828 | Demolished in April 2013. |
1967 | 1968 | Chimney of Lippendorf Power Station, Neukieritzsch, Germany | 1967 | 300 | 984 | Demolished in 2005. |
1968 | 1971 | Chimney of Mitchell Power Plant, Moundsville, West Virginia, USA[20][21] | 26 October 1968 | 367.6 | 1,206 | |
1971 | 1987 | Vale Superstack, Copper Cliff, Ontario, Canada | 1971 | 380 | 1,247 | |
1987 | GRES-2 Power Station, Ekibastuz, USSR (now Kazakhstan) | 1987 | 419.7 | 1,377 |
Hamon Custodis claims to have built a 707 ft (215 m)[14] stack in 1953,[22] but there are no references to the location or client of this/these stack(s). Skyscraperpage indicates the 846-foot-tall (258 m) chimney of Omskaya Cogeneration Plant #4 was built in 1965,[23] but it is likely that this date is referring to the construction of the first section of the plant with the smaller chimney. No other references or information can be found to corroborate this claim.
Current
Indicates a structure that is no longer standing.
Name | Pinnacle height | Year | Country | Town | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimney of GRES-2 Power Station | 1,377 ft | 419.7 m | 1987 | Kazakhstan | Ekibastuz | Tallest chimney in the world.[24] |
Inco Superstack | 1,250 ft | 380.1 m | 1971 | Canada | Sudbury, Ontario | Tallest chimney in the Western Hemisphere.[25] Scheduled for demolition.[26] |
Original Unit 3 chimney of Homer City Generating Station | 1,217 ft | 371 m | 1977 | United States | Homer City, Pennsylvania | Tallest chimney in the United States. This chimney is no longer in service, being replaced by one of 860 ft (260 m) that serves the flue gas scrubber retro-fitted to Unit 3 in 2001. |
Kennecott Smokestack | 1,215 ft | 370.4 m | 1974 | United States | Magna, Utah | Tallest chimney west of the Mississippi. |
Chimney of Berezovskaya GRES | 1,214 ft | 370 m | 1985 | Russia | Sharypovo | Tallest chimney in Russia. |
Original chimney of Mitchell Power Plant | 1,206 ft | 367.6 m | 1968 | United States | Moundsville, West Virginia | Tallest chimney in the world from 1968 to 1971. No longer in service, having been replaced by a 1,000 ft (300 m) 2 flue chimney serving the scrubber that was retrofitted to the plant in 2006. |
Trbovlje Chimney | 1,181 ft | 360 m | 1976 (1 June) | Slovenia | Trbovlje | Tallest chimney in Europe.[27] |
Chimney of Endesa Power Station | 1,168 ft | 356 m | 1974 | Spain | As Pontes, Galicia | [28] The tallest multi-flue chimney in the world, and also the most massive chimney in the world by volume of materials used in construction. |
Chimney of Phoenix Copper Smelter | 1,153 ft | 351.5 m | 1995 | Romania | Baia Mare | Tallest structure in Romania.[29] |
3rd chimney of Syrdarya Power Plant | 1,148 ft[30] | 350 m | 1980 | Uzbekistan | Shirin | |
Chimney of Teruel Power Plant | 1,125 ft | 343 m | 1981 | Spain | Teruel | Demolished by explosives on 16 February 2023. Created a new world record as the tallest freestanding structure ever demolished by explosives. |
Chimney of Plomin Power Station | 1,116 ft[31] | 340 m | 1999 | Croatia | Plomin | |
Chimney of Westerholt Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1981 | Germany | Gelsenkirchen-Westerholt | Demolished on 3 December 2006. Height confirmed as 300 m (980 ft) rather than 337 m (1,106 ft). |
Original chimney of Mountaineer Power Plant | 1103 ft | 336.2 m | 1980 | United States | New Haven, West Virginia | This chimney is no longer in service, having been replaced by one of 1,000 ft (300 m) that serves the flue gas scrubbers retrofitted to the plant. |
Chimney of Kharkiv TEC-5 | 1,083 ft | 330 m | 1991 | Ukraine | Kharkiv | |
3rd chimney of Primorskaya GRES | 1,083 ft | 330 m | 1990 | Russia | Luchegorsk | |
2nd chimney of Gusinoozyorskaya GRES | 1,083 ft | 330 m[32] | 1988 | Russia | Gusinoozyorsk | |
5th chimney of the Cuciurgan power station | 1,083 ft | 330 m[33] | 1987[34] | Moldova | Dnestrovsc[35] | |
Chimney of Novo-Angrenskaya Power Plant | 1,083 ft | 330 m[36] | 1985 | Uzbekistan | Olmaliq, Angren | |
2 chimneys of Permskaya GRES | 1,083 ft | 330 m | 1982[37]/1992[38] | Russia | Dobryanka | |
2nd chimney of Ekibastuz GRES-1 | 1,083 ft | 330 m | 1982 | Kazakhstan | Ekibastuz[39] | |
Chimney of Zuevska thermal power station | 1083 ft | 330 m | 1981 | Ukraine | Zuhres, Donetsk Oblast[39] | |
4th Chimney of Reftinskaya GRES | 1,083 ft | 330 m | 1979 | Russia | Reftinsky | |
Chimney of Pirdop copper smelter and refinery | 1,066 ft | 325 m | 1987 | Bulgaria | Pirdop | |
Chimney of Maritsa Iztok-3 Power Station | 1,065 ft | 324.6 m | 1980[40] | Bulgaria | Stara Zagora | |
2 chimneys of Maritsa Iztok-2 Power Station | 1,065 ft | 324.6 m | 1977[41]/1980[42] | Bulgaria | Stara Zagora | No.2, No.3 |
2 chimneys of Kirishskaya GRES | 1,050 ft | 320 m | 1984/1986 | Russia | Kirishi[39] | |
2 chimneys of Azerbaijan Thermal Power Plant | 1,050 ft | 320 m[43] | 1981/1990 | Azerbaijan | Mingachevir | Tallest free-standing structure west of the South Caucasus. |
3rd chimney of Kostromskaya GRES | 1,050 ft | 320 m | 1980 | Russia | Volgorechensk | |
2 chimneys of Ryazanskaya GRES | 1,050 ft | 320 m | 1973/1980 | Russia | Novomichurinsk | |
2 chimneys of Vuhlehirska thermal power plant | 1,050 ft | 320 m | 1972/1975[44]/1975 | Ukraine | Svitlodarsk | |
2 chimneys of Zaporozhskaya GRES | 1,050 ft | 320 m | 1972/1977[45] | Ukraine | Enerhodar[46] | |
Chimney of Rockport Power Plant | 1,038 ft | 316.4 m | 1984 | United States | Rockport, Indiana | |
Chimney of Ugljevik Power Plant | 1,017 ft | 310 m | 1985 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Ugljevik | |
Chimney of Armstrong Power Plant | 1,011 ft | 308.15 m | 1982 | United States | Kittanning, Pennsylvania | |
Chimney of Harllee Branch Power Plant | 1,007 ft | 307 m | 1978 | United States | Milledgeville, Georgia | Demolished on 15 October 2016 by explosives. |
Chimney of Buschhaus Power Station | 1,007 ft | 307 m | 1984 | Germany | Helmstedt, Lower Saxony | |
Chimney of Jaworzno Power Station | 1,004 ft | 306 m | 1977 | Poland | Jaworzno | |
Chimney of Trepça Lead Smelter | 1,004 ft | 306 m | 1972 | Serbia | Trepça | [47] |
2 chimneys of Robert W Scherer Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1983/1985 | United States | Juliette, Georgia | |
Chimney of Independence Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1983 | United States | Newark, Arkansas | |
Chimney of Kyger Creek Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1980 | United States | Cheshire, Ohio | |
Chimney of White Bluff Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1980 | United States | Pine Bluff, Arkansas | |
Chimney of Widows Creek Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1977 | United States | Stevenson, Alabama | Demolished on 3 December 2020 by explosives. |
Chimney of Chvaletice Power Station | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1977 | Czech Republic | Chvaletice | |
Chimney of Hal B. Wansley Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1976 | United States | Carrollton, Georgia | |
2 chimneys of Kingston Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1976[48][49] | United States | Kingston, Tennessee | Units 1–5 & 6–9 |
2 chimneys of Plant Bowen | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1975[50][51] | United States | Cartersville, Georgia | |
3 chimneys of Harrison Power Station | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1972/1973/1994[52][53] | United States | Haywood, West Virginia | Units 1+2 & 2+3 |
2 chimneys of Conemaugh Generating Station | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1970/1971[54][55] | United States | Seward, Pennsylvania | Units 1&2 |
2 chimneys of Cumberland Fossil Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1970[56][57] | United States | Cumberland City, Tennessee | Units 1&2 |
Chimney of W. H. Sammis Power Plant | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 1970 | United States | Stratton, Ohio | Unit 7 |
Chimney of Hayden Smelter | 1,001 ft | 305 m | 197? | United States | Hayden, Arizona | |
2 chimneys of Pleasants Power Plant | 1,000 ft | 304.8 m | 1979/1980[58][59] | United States | Belmont, West Virginia | |
Chimney of Cardinal Power Plant | 1,000 ft | 304.8 m | 1977 | United States | Brilliant, Ohio | Unit 3 |
Chimney #2 of Mitchell Power Plant | 1,000 ft | 304.8 m | 2006[60] | United States | Moundsville, West Virginia | |
Chimney of Power Plant Scholven | 991 ft | 302 m | 1975 | Germany | Gelsenkirchen | |
Chimney of Power Plant Chemnitz | 990 ft | 301.8 m | 1984 | Germany | Chemnitz | |
Chimney of SASOL III Synthetic Fuel Production Plant | 988 ft | 301 m | 1979 | South Africa | Secunda | Tallest chimney in the Southern Hemisphere. |
Chimney of Volzhskaya TEC-2 | 986 ft | 300.7 m | 1988 | Russia | Volzhsky | |
Litvínov Chimney | 984 ft | 300 m | ? | Czech Republic | Litvínov | Under construction.[when?] |
Stružnice Chimney | 984 ft | 300 m | ? | Czech Republic | Stružnice | |
3rd chimney of Orot Rabin | 984 ft | 300 m | 1997 | Israel | Hadera | |
Chimney of Bishkek TEC | 984 ft | 300 m[61] | 1989 | Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | |
Chimney of Herne Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1989 | Germany | Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia | |
Chimney of Walsum Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1988 | Germany | Duisburg-Walsum, North Rhine-Westphalia | |
Chimney of Kakanj Power Plant[62] | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_tallest_chimneys