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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Nordic_cross_flags_of_Northern_Europe_2019.svg/220px-Nordic_cross_flags_of_Northern_Europe_2019.svg.png)
Larger flags, from left to right: Iceland, Faroe Islands, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland;
Smaller flags, from left to right: Barra, South Uist, Yorkshire West Riding (historical), Orkney, Shetland, Scania, Åland, Pärnu, Setomaa (ethnic), Vepsians (ethnic).
A Nordic cross flag is a flag bearing the design of the Nordic or Scandinavian cross, a cross symbol in a rectangular field, with the centre of the cross shifted towards the hoist.
All independent Nordic countries have adopted such flags in the modern period, and while the Nordic cross is named for its use in the national flags of the Nordic nations, the term is used universally by vexillologists, in reference not only to the flags of the Nordic countries but to other flags with similar designs.[1] The sideways cross is also known as the Cross of Saint Philip the Apostle, who preached not in Scandinavia but in Greece, Phrygia and Syria instead.
The cross design represents Christianity,[2][3][4] and was first seen in the Dannebrog, the national flag of Denmark in the first half of the 13th century. The same design, but with a red Nordic cross on a yellow background, was used as union flag during the Kalmar union (1397 to 1523), and when that union fell apart in 1523 the same design, but with a yellow cross on a blue background (derived from the Swedish coat of arms adopted in 1442), was adopted as national flag of Sweden, while Norway adopted their flag in 1821. From its adoption in the early 16th century until 1906 the background of the flag of Sweden was dark blue, but was changed to the currently used lighter shade of blue in a new flag law that was adopted in 1906, after the dissolution of the union between Sweden and Norway. After gaining independence the other Nordic countries adopted national flags of the same design, Iceland in 1915 and Finland in 1917. The Norwegian flag was the first Nordic cross flag with three colours. All Nordic flags may be flown as gonfalons as well.
Flag formats
Flags of the Nordic countries
Note that some of these flags are historical. Also, note that flag proportions may vary between the different flags and sometimes even between different versions of the same flag.
The Flag of Greenland is the only national flag of a Nordic country or territory without a Nordic Cross. When Greenland was granted home rule, the present flag — with a graphic design unique to Greenland — was adopted in June 1985, supported by fourteen votes against eleven who supported a proposed green-and-white Nordic cross.[5]
Denmark
- Flag of Denmark (1748)
- Naval ensign of Denmark (17th century). Note the darker kraprød colour (1939).
Standard of Frederik the Crown Prince of Denmark
Standard of the royal house- used by other members of the Royal Family
- Flag of the Faroe Islands (1919)
Finland
- Flag of Finland (1918)
- State flag of Finland (1918)
- Flag of the President of Finland, with the Cross of Liberty in the canton (1978)
- Finnish yacht club ensign. Ratified club emblem in the canton (1919)
- Flag of Åland (1954)
Iceland
- Flag of Iceland (1944–present)
- State flag of Iceland
- Flag of the President of Iceland
- Flag of the Icelandic Directorate of Customs
Norway
- Flag of Norway (1821–1844 and 1899–present)
- Former flag of Norway (1814–1821).
- The common naval ensign and war flag of Sweden and Norway from 1815 to 1844.
- Merchant flag of Norway (1844–1898 with the union badge representing the union with Sweden)
Sweden
- Flag of Sweden (1906–present)
- Flag of Sweden (1844–1905) representing the union with Norway
- Royal standard of Sweden with the Greater coat of arms, used by the King and Queen of Sweden
- Royal standard of Sweden with the lesser coat of arms, used by princes and princesses of Sweden
Kalmar Union
This is the historical flag of the Kalmar Union, which united Denmark, Sweden and Norway from 1397 to 1523. No pictorial evidence survives of the Kalmar Union's Flag. The flag appearing here is a reconstruction based on references in 1430 letters by King Eric of Pomerania.
Unofficial Nordic flags
These flags either do not have official status or represent various private entities. They have not been officially adopted and their use remains limited.
- Unofficial flag of Bornholm (1970s)
- Another proposal for flag of Jutland, dating from 1972 (not in use)
- Proposal for a flag of Greenland, designed in 1984 by Sven Tito Achen. Rejected in favour of the non-Nordic-Cross flag.
- Unofficial flag representing the Swedish-speaking minority in Finland. To be flown along with the Finnish National Flag (1902)
Former unofficial flag of Iceland (ca. 1900)
- Flag of Norwegian fascist party Nasjonal Samling (1933–1945)
- Unofficial flag of the Finnish speaking minority in Sweden
- Flag of Vendsyssel, Denmark
- Unofficial flag of Norrland, the northernmost land of Sweden
- Flag of the Forest Finns, the unofficial flag of the Finnish Minority groups in Norway and Sweden
- Flag of the Swedish region of Bergslagen
- Flag of the Swedish province of Bohuslän
- Flag of Gotland, the unofficial flag of the Swedish island of Gotland
- Flag of the Swedish province of Hälsingland
- Unofficial flag of the Swedish province of Härjedalen
- Flag of the Swedish province of Småland
- Flag of the Swedish county of Västra Götaland (or West Sweden in general)
- Flag of the Swedish province of Öland
- Unofficial flag of the Swedish province of Östergötland
Nordic cross flags outside the Nordic countries
Armenia
- Flag of Ejmiatsin.
Brazil
- Flag of Areias, São Paulo State
- Flag of Borborema, São Paulo State
- Flag of Carmo do Paranaíba, Minas Gerais
- Flag of Chapadinha, Maranhão
- Flag of Colorado, Rio Grande do Sul
- Flag of Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo
- Flag of Escada, Pernambuco
- Flag of Frei Martinho, Paraíba
- Flag of Grão Pará, Santa Catarina
- Flag of Guaíra, São Paulo State
- Flag of Itu, São Paulo State
- Flag of Lagoa Formosa, Minas Gerais
- Flag of Nova Prata, Rio Grande do Sul
- Flag of Palotina, Paraná
- Flag of Peritiba, Santa Catarina
- Flag of Pirapora do Bom Jesus, São Paulo State
- Flag of Santa Helena, Paraná
- Flag of Santo Antônio do Pinhal, São Paulo State
- Flag of Santo Cristo, Rio Grande do Sul
Estonia
- Flag of Türi Parish
- Flag of Koigi Parish
- Flag of Setomaa
France
Flag of Calais, Hauts-de-France
Flag of Dol-de-Bretagne, Brittany
Alternative flag of Normandy, nicknamed "St. Olaf's Cross"
Flag of Presqu'île de Crozon, Brittany
Viking flag of Vendée, Pays de la Loire
Georgia
- Flag of the Georgian Orthodox Church
- Flag of Gori Municipality
- Flag of Khoni Municipality
- Current flag of Zugdidi Municipality
- Old flag of Zugdidi Municipality (2012–2018)
- Variation of the old flag of Zugdidi Municipality (2015)
Germany
Nordic flag designs very similar to Denmark's, Sweden's, and Norway's national flags were proposed as Germany's national flags in both 1919 and 1948, after World War I and World War II, respectively. Today, the Nordic cross is a feature in some city and district flags or coats of arms.
- Teutonic Knights and their State
Flag of the Danish monarch, flown in his capacity as Duke of Holstein, Schleswig and Lauenburg. The three duchies were ceded to Austria and Prussia in 1864 as a result of the Second Schleswig War.[7]
- Former North German Federal Navy Ensign (1867–71), Reichskriegsflagge
- Former War Ensign of Nazi Germany (1938–1945), now illegal in Germany
- Flag of the former Saar Protectorate, Germany
- Proposed National flag of Germany, circa 1919.
- Flag proposed by the conspirators of the 20 July plot against Hitler, nowadays often used in a right-wing context.[9] (Wirmer Flag)
Hungaryedit
- Flag of Balatonszőlős
- Flag of Kozármisleny
- Flag of Tatárszentgyörgy
- Flag of Fűzvölgy
- Flag of Pat
Latviaedit
- Flag of Cēsis
- Flag of Cēsis Municipality, 2022–
- Flag of Ventspils
- Flag of Ventspils Municipality
- Flag of the former Grobiņa Municipality, 2011–2021
- Nordic cross proposal for Latvian flag
Lithuaniaedit
- Nordic cross proposal for Lithuanian flag
Netherlandsedit
- Flag of Aldtsjerk
- Flag of Bedum
- Flag of Havelte
- Flag of Hof van Twente
- Flag of Koewacht
- Flag of Rosmalen
- Flag of Skarsterlân
- Flag of Tilburg
- Flag of Utrechtse Heuvelrug
- Flag of Wierden
- Flag of Wouw
Russiaedit
- Flag of Alyoshino, Tver Oblast
- Flag of Bolshekolpanskoe, Leningrad Oblast
- Flag of Levokumsky District
- Flag of Likhoslavlsky District
- Flag of Mikhaylovsk, Stavropol Krai
- Flag of Mikhaylovskoe, Republic of Karelia
- Flag of Plodovskoe, Leningrad Oblast
- Flag of Predgorny District, 1997-2017
- Flag of Rameshki, Tver Oblast
- Flag of Rameshkovsky District
- Flag of Reboly
- Flag of Stavropol
- Flag of Stavropol Krai
- Flag of Yessentuki, 2002-2004
Spainedit
- Flag of Burón
- Flag of Casar de Palomero
- Flag of Paterna del Río
Alternative flag of Tudela, Navarre
Teutonic Orderedit
- Flag of the State of the Teutonic Order (1230–1525)
Ukraineedit
- Flag of Volyn Oblast
- Flag of Zhytomyr
- Flag of Bershad Raion
- Flag of Khrestivka
United Kingdomedit
A number of flags for localities in the United Kingdom (primarily Scotland) are based on Nordic cross designs, intended to reflect the Scandinavian heritage introduced to the British Isles during the Viking Age and through the High Middle Ages.[10]
- Flag of Shetland (2005)
- Flag of Orkney (2007)
- Flag of Caithness (2016)
- Flag of Yorkshire West Riding (2013)
- Cross of St Magnus, former unofficial Flag of Orkney (1990s)
- Unofficial flag of North Uist (2018)
- Flag of the island of South Uist (recognised 2017)[11]
- Isle of Barra (recognised 2017)[12]
- Flag of the Isle of Skye (2020)
- Official flag of Sutherland (2018)
United Statesedit
- Flag of Bayamón, Puerto Rico
- Flag of Little Rock, Arkansas
- Flag of Staunton, Virginia
- Campaign Flag of the Puerto Rican Independence Party
- Flag of Wilmington, Delaware
- Flag of the Episcopal Church
- Flag of New Milford, Connecticut
Otheredit
Flag of a Chilean ambassador
Proposed Flag of Belarus (1992)
Flag of Hernandarias, Paraguay
Proposed flag of South Island, New Zealand
Naval ensign of South Africa (1952–1981)
Flag of Westarctica, a micronation claiming Marie Byrd Land in Antarctica
Flag of Ladonia, a micronation in southern Sweden. Note that the white lines are not visible on the flag itself, yet it is still seen as bearing a Nordic Cross as it represents a boiled Swedish flag.
Unofficial flag of the Komi Republic used by activists.
Flag of Amambay Department, Paraguay.
Flag of the Principality of Snake Hill, a micronation in Australia.
The "Vinland flag", used by American band Type O Negative, now a potential White Supremacist logo.[13]
Flag of Vikesland, a Canadian micronation located on a ranch in Manitoba
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