Suleymaniye Mosque (Rhodes) - Wiki slovník

Suleymaniye Mosque
Suleymaniye Mosque
Σουλεϊμανιγιέ Τζαμί; Süleymaniye Camii;
Religion
Affiliation	Islam
District	Rhodes
Province	South Aegean
Location
Location	Rhodes, Greece
Municipality	Rhodes
State	Greece
	Shown within Greece
Geographic coordinates	36°26′40″N 28°13′27″E / 36.44444°N 28.22417°E
Architecture
Type	Mosque
Founder	Suleiman the Magnificent
Completed	c. 1523 (original),; 1808 (reconstructed)
Specifications
Dome(s)	3
Minaret(s)	1
Minaret height	34.5 metres (113 ft)

The Suleymaniye Mosque or the Mosque of Suleiman (Greek: Σουλεϊμανιγιέ Τζαμί, Turkish: Süleymaniye Camii) is a former mosque in the city of Rhodes, Greece. It was originally built after the Ottoman conquest of Rhodes in 1522 and is named after Sultan Suleiman to commemorate his conquest. The mosque was reconstructed in 1808 and has been restored several times since. It is the most significant surviving Ottoman-era monument in Rhodes.^[2]

History

This mosque was the first mosque in the town of Rhodes, built right after Ottomans besieged it and captured it in 1522.^[3]^[4] Local tradition holds that the mosque was built on the site of a previous church.^[3] The mosque's construction is thus dated to around 1522–1523.^[5] It is named after Sultan Suleiman, who led the Ottoman invasion.^[2] The 17th-century Ottoman writer and traveler, Evliya Çelebi, reported the presence of an inscription on the minaret which recorded repairs effected in 940 AH (1533–1534 CE).^[3]

In 1808, the mosque was rebuilt, following the same design as the original mosque.^[3]^[5]^[4] It was partially restored prior to a visit by Sultan Abdulaziz (r. 1861–1876).^[3] The 1856 earthquake caused damage to the mosque.^[3] That same year, a gunpowder magazine under the nearby Church of Saint John was struck by lightning,^[6]^[7]^[8] causing a massive explosion that destroyed the church and further damaged the mosque.^[3]^[5] A decision to repair the building was eventually taken in 1892. The minaret, which originally had just one balcony, was rebuilt with two balconies at this time^[3] or earlier in 1863.^[5]

The minaret was repaired again in 1925, but was demolished in 1987 due to structural problems.^[3] Major restoration and reconstruction on the whole mosque began in 1988 and were completed in 2005.^[3]^[5] Europa Nostra gave this mosque an honorary distinction in 2006.^{[citation needed]}^[1]^{[dead link]} The mosque is currently closed to visitors,^[9]^[10] except for special occasions.^[11]

Architecture

The mosque's design reflects an earlier period of Ottoman architecture when mosques were adjoined by tabhanes (hospices for Sufis).^[2]^[3] The prayer hall today consists of three domed chambers. The central room is covered by a large, high dome and is flanked on either side by a room with a smaller and lower dome.^[3] The central room also contains a mihrab (niche indicating the direction of prayer) and a minbar (pulpit) made of walnut wood.^[3] Originally, the central room would have been the prayer hall or mosque proper, while the side rooms would have served as tabhanes. At some later period, these three rooms were joined together to former a larger prayer hall.^[2]

On the outside, the mosque is fronted by a double narthex with an outer and inner portico. The inner portico is covered by seven domes and supported by eight columns, while the outer portico is covered by a sloped lead roof supported on more columns.^[3]

The entrance doorway to the mosque is an ornate marble archway carved with flowers and other motifs. This portal formerly belonged to a funerary monument built by the Knights Hospitaller in 1510–1520,^[3] which was probably part of the Church of Saint John that was destroyed in the 1856 explosion. The portal was moved and incorporated into the mosque in 1863.^[5] It may have originally been a work imported from Italy by the Knights.^[12]

Because mosques are required to be aligned with the qibla (direction of prayer), which did not necessarily match the orientation of existing streets and of surrounding buildings, the construction of new mosques in the city often involved clearing additional neighboring structures to accommodate the building's orientation. This left an open space of irregular shape on the northwest side of the mosque (in front of its entrance), which was turned into a public square with a fountain for ablutions.^[5] The fountain in front of the Suleymaniye Mosque has an octagonal base with eight spoliated columns supporting a dome.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b "Religious Monuments". www.rhodes.gr. Municipality of Rhodes. Archived from the original on 2012-04-19.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kuban, Doğan (2010). Ottoman Architecture. Translated by Mill, Adair. Antique Collectors' Club. p. 594. ISBN 9781851496044.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Guest, Neval (2010). "Süleymaniye Camii". TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 2023-07-24.
^ ^a ^b Tataki, A. B. (2000). Rhodes, Lindos, Kamiros, Filerimos: the Palace of the Grand Masters and the museum. Ekdotike Athenon. p. 45. ISBN 978-960-213-007-0. The first to be built, immediately after the conquest of Rhodes, was the Mosque of Suleiman. In 1808 the mosque, which today can be seen at the end of Sokratous street, was
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Maglio, Emma (2016). Rhodes: Forme urbaine et architecture religieuse (XIVe-XVIIIe siècles). Archéologies méditerranéennes (in French). Aix-en-Provence: Presses universitaires de Provence. pp. 73–85. ISBN 9791036566844.
^ Davis, Paul K. (2003). Besieged: 100 Great Sieges from Jericho to Sarajevo. Oxford University Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-19-521930-2.
^ Wisner, Ben; Gaillard, J. C.; Kelman, Ilan (2012). Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-91868-1.
^ Nossov, Konstantin (2012-06-20). The Fortress of Rhodes 1309–1522. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-003-7.
^ DK Eyewitness Greek Islands. Penguin. 2023. ISBN 978-0-7440-8784-0.
^ "Mosque of Süleyman | Rhodes Town, Greece | Attractions". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
^ Özgün, Mustafa Kaymakçı, Cihan (2018). The Forgotten Turkish Identity of the Aegean Islands. Eğitim Yayınevi. p. 124. ISBN 978-605-7557-11-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Kasdagli, Anna-Maria (2016). Stone Carving of the Hospitaller Period in Rhodes: Displaced pieces and fragments. Oxford: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-78491-479-0.

External links

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[Religious_Monuments-1] "Religious Monuments". www.rhodes.gr. Municipality of Rhodes. Archived from the original on 2012-04-19.

[:2-2] Kuban, Doğan (2010). Ottoman Architecture. Translated by Mill, Adair. Antique Collectors' Club. p. 594. ISBN 9781851496044.

[:0-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Guest, Neval (2010). "Süleymaniye Camii". TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 2023-07-24.

[Tataki2000-4] Tataki, A. B. (2000). Rhodes, Lindos, Kamiros, Filerimos: the Palace of the Grand Masters and the museum. Ekdotike Athenon. p. 45. ISBN 978-960-213-007-0. The first to be built, immediately after the conquest of Rhodes, was the Mosque of Suleiman. In 1808 the mosque, which today can be seen at the end of Sokratous street, was

[:1-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Maglio, Emma (2016). Rhodes: Forme urbaine et architecture religieuse (XIVe-XVIIIe siècles). Archéologies méditerranéennes (in French). Aix-en-Provence: Presses universitaires de Provence. pp. 73–85. ISBN 9791036566844.

[6] Davis, Paul K. (2003). Besieged: 100 Great Sieges from Jericho to Sarajevo. Oxford University Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-19-521930-2.

[7] Wisner, Ben; Gaillard, J. C.; Kelman, Ilan (2012). Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-91868-1.

[8] Nossov, Konstantin (2012-06-20). The Fortress of Rhodes 1309–1522. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-003-7.

[9] DK Eyewitness Greek Islands. Penguin. 2023. ISBN 978-0-7440-8784-0.

[10] "Mosque of Süleyman | Rhodes Town, Greece | Attractions". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2023-07-24.

[11] Özgün, Mustafa Kaymakçı, Cihan (2018). The Forgotten Turkish Identity of the Aegean Islands. Eğitim Yayınevi. p. 124. ISBN 978-605-7557-11-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[12] Kasdagli, Anna-Maria (2016). Stone Carving of the Hospitaller Period in Rhodes: Displaced pieces and fragments. Oxford: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-78491-479-0.

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v t e Landmarks of Rhodes
Rhodes city	Acropolis of Rhodes Aquarium of Rhodes Evangelismos Church Medieval Town Archaeological Museum of Rhodes Fortifications of Rhodes Grand Master's Palace Hafiz Ahmed Agha Library Hagios Spyridon Kahal Shalom Synagogue La Juderia Knights Street Panagia tou Kastrou St. Francis of Assisi Cathedral Suleiman Mosque Holy Trinity church New Market (Mandraki) Port of Rhodes Puccini Theatre Rhodes Footbridge Rodini Park Temple of Aphrodite
Rest of the island	Archangelos Faliraki Ialysos Kameiros Kritinia Lindos (Acropolis of Lindos) Monolithos Petaloudes Prasonisi
Events	International Tour of Rhodes Medieval Rose Festival
Past	Colossus of Rhodes

v t e Mosques in Greece
Aegean Islands	Bab Gedid Mosque Bayrakli Mosque Defterdar Mosque Enderum Mosque¹ Gazi Hasan Pasha Mosque, Loggia Gazi Hasan Pasha Mosque, Platani Hamza Bey Mosque Ibrahim Pasha Mosque Kavaklı Mosque¹ Kavos Mosque Khan Zade Mescidi¹ Mecidiye Mosque Mehmet Agha Mosque Murat Reis Mosque Mustafa Pasha Mosque Osmaniye Mosque Recep Pasha Mosque Suleymaniye Mosque Valide Mosque Yeni Mosque
Central Greece	Emir Zade Mosque Fethiye Mosque, Athens Fethiye Mosque, Nafpaktos Gazi Omer Bey Mosque Parthenon¹ Parthenon mosque Tzistarakis Mosque Vizier Mosque Votanikos Mosque
Crete	Defterdar Ahmet Pasha Mosque¹ Hünkar Mosque¹ Ibrahim Han Mosque¹ Ierapetra Mosque Kara Musa Pasha Mosque Küçük Hasan Pasha Mosque Neradje Mosque Valide Sultan Mosque Veli Pasha Mosque Yeni Mosque
Epirus	Aslan Pasha Mosque Faik Pasha Mosque Fethiye Mosque Feyzullah Mosque Kaloutsiani Mosque Rokka Mosque Sultan Mehmed Mosque Veli Pasha Mosque
Macedonia	Ahmed Bey Mosque Alaca Imaret Mosque Arap Mosque Ayasofya Mosque¹ Bey Mosque¹ Eski Mosque¹ Halil Bey Mosque Hamza Bey Mosque Hünkar Mosque¹ Ibrahim Pasha Mosque İki Şerefiye Mosque¹ İshakiye Mosque¹ Iskender Bey Mosque Kasımiye Mosque¹ Kazancilar Mosque¹ Koca Mustafa Mosque Kursum Mosque Lembet Mosque Mahmud Çelebi Mosque Mehmet Bey Mosque Medrese Mosque Muhammad Ali Pasha Mosque Orta Mosque Saraylı Mosque¹ Soğuksu Mosque¹ Soluca Mosque¹ Suleyman Hortaci Effendi Mosque¹ Yakup Bey Mosque Yakup Pasha Mosque¹ Yeni Mosque, Edessa Yeni Mosque, Thessaloniki Zincirli Mosque
Peloponnese	Agha Pasha Mosque Ahmed III Mosque Ayasofya Mosque¹ Brontochion Mosque¹ Fethiye Mosque¹ Kursum Mosque¹ Monemvasia Mosque Trianon Mosque
Thessaly	Bayrakli Mosque Elassona Mosque Osman Shah Mosque Yeni Mosque
Thrace	Alexandroupolis Mosque Çelebi Sultan Mehmed Mosque Eski Mosque Selvili Mosque Suleyman Mosque¹ Yeni Mosque Yunus Bey Mosque
Bold are open for worship. ¹ Converted church or temple. Islam in Greece Former mosques

Suleymaniye Mosque
Σουλεϊμανιγιέ Τζαμί Süleymaniye Camii

Religion
Affiliation	Islam
District	Rhodes
Province	South Aegean
Location
Location	Rhodes, Greece
Municipality	Rhodes
State	Greece
Shown within Greece
Geographic coordinates	36°26′40″N 28°13′27″E / 36.44444°N 28.22417°E / 36.44444; 28.22417
Architecture
Type	Mosque
Founder	Suleiman the Magnificent
Completed	c. 1523 (original), 1808 (reconstructed)
Specifications
Dome(s)	3
Minaret(s)	1
Minaret height	34.5 metres (113 ft)^[1]

History

Architecture

See also

References

External links