A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
Ten-codes, officially known as ten signals, are brevity codes used to represent common phrases in voice communication, particularly by US public safety officials and in citizens band (CB) radio transmissions. The police version of ten-codes is officially known as the APCO Project 14 Aural Brevity Code.[1]
The codes, developed during 1937–1940 and expanded in 1974 by the Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International (APCO), allow brevity and standardization of message traffic. They have historically been widely used by law enforcement officers in North America, but in 2006, due to the lack of standardization, the U.S. federal government recommended they be discontinued in favor of everyday language.[2]
History
APCO first proposed Morse code brevity codes in the June 1935 issue of The APCO Bulletin, which were adapted from the procedure symbols of the U.S. Navy, though these procedures were for communications in Morse code, not voice.[3]
In August 1935, the APCO Bulletin published a recommendation that the organization issue a handbook that described standard operating procedures, including:[4]
- A standard message form for use by all police departments.
- A simple code for service dispatches relating to corrections, repetitions, etc.
- A standard arrangement of the context of messages, (for example, name and description of missing person might be transmitted as follows: Name, age, height, weight, physical characteristics, clothing; if car used, the license, make, description and motor number. This information would actually be transmitted in the text of the message as follows: John Brown 28-5-9-165 medium build brown eyes dark hair dark suit light hat Mich. 35 lic. W 2605 Ford S 35 blue red wheels 2345678 may go to Indiana).
- A standard record system for logging the operation of the station.
- Other important records in accordance with the uniform crime reporting system sponsored by the International Association of Chiefs of Police.
The development of the APCO Ten Signals began in 1937[5] to reduce use of speech on the radio at a time when police radio channels were limited. Credit for inventing the codes goes to Charles "Charlie" Hopper, communications director for the Illinois State Police, District 10 in Pesotum, Illinois. Hopper had been involved in radio for years and realized there was a need to abbreviate transmissions on State Police bands.[6] Experienced radio operators knew the first syllable of a transmission was frequently not understood because of quirks in early electronics technology. Radios in the 1930s were based on vacuum tubes powered by a small motor-generator called a dynamotor. The dynamotor took from 1/10 to 1/4 of a second to "spin up" to full power. Police officers were trained to push the microphone button, then pause briefly before speaking; however, sometimes they would forget to wait. Preceding each code with "ten-" gave the radio transmitter time to reach full power. An APCO Bulletin of January 1940 lists codes assigned as part of standardisation.[7]
In 1954, APCO published an article describing a proposed simplification of the code, based on an analysis conducted by the San Diego Police Department.[8] In the September 1955 issue of the APCO Bulletin, a revision of the Ten-Signals was proposed,[9] and it was later adopted.
The Ten Signals were included in APCO Project Two (1967), "Public Safety Standard Operating Procedures Manual", published as study cards in APCO Project 4 (1973), "Ten Signal Cards", and then revised in APCO Project 14 (1974).[10][11][12][13]
In popular culture
Ten-codes, especially "10-4" (meaning "understood") first reached public recognition in the mid- to late-1950s through the popular television series Highway Patrol, with Broderick Crawford.[citation needed] Crawford would reach into his patrol car to use the microphone to answer a call and precede his response with "10-4".
Ten-codes were adapted for use by CB radio enthusiasts. C. W. McCall's hit song "Convoy" (1975), depicting conversation among CB-communicating truckers, put phrases like "10-4" and "what's your twenty?" (10-20 for "where are you?") into common use in American English.[citation needed]
The movie Convoy (1978), loosely based on McCall's song, further entrenched ten-codes in casual conversation, as does the movie Smokey and the Bandit.
The ten-codes used by the New York Police Department[14] have returned to public attention thanks to the popularity of the television series Blue Bloods. However, the ten-codes used by the NYPD are not the same as those used in the APCO system. For example, in the NYPD system, Code 10-13 means "Officer needs help," whereas in the APCO system "Officer needs help" is Code 10-33.
The New Zealand reality television show Ten 7 Aotearoa (formerly Police Ten 7) takes its name from the New Zealand Police ten-code 10-7, which means "Unit has arrived at job".[citation needed]
The syndicated internet radio countdown program "What's your Twenty"[15] is named after the code for location.
The Chicago Police Department uses the radio code '10-1', which means an officer needs urgent help right away. The Chicago P.D. (TV series) TV show also uses '10-1' as well. [16]
Police officer retirement
Often when an officer retires, a call to dispatch is made. The officer gives a 10-7 code (Out of service) and then a 10-42 code (ending tour of duty).[17][18]
Signals by era
| Signal | APCO Meaning | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1937 APCO | 1939 First Published Set (17 signals)[19] | 1940 (APCO Standards Committee)[20][21] | 1955 (National Operating Procedure Committee)[22] | APCO Project 2 (1967)[23] | APCO Project 4 (1973) | APCO Project 14 (1974)[24][25] | Clear Speech
(c. 1971) (plain language to replace Ten Codes)[26] |
Phrase Word Brevity Code (c. 1979)[27] | |
| Procedure and Officer Details | |||||||||
| 10-MAX | AWOL | - | - | - | Corrupt Officer | Officer not following orders | Insubordination/Rogue Officer | ||
| Go Ahead | |||||||||
| Under Control | |||||||||
| In Pursuit | |||||||||
| Traffic Stop | |||||||||
| 10-0 | — | — | — | — | Use caution | ||||
| 10-1 | Receiving poorly. | Unable to copy - change location | Signal Weak | Unable to copy - change location | Unreadable | ||||
| 10-2 | Receiving well. | Signals good | Signal Good | — | |||||
| 10-3 | Stop transmitting. | Disregard last information | Stop transmitting | Stop Transmitting | |||||
| 10-4 | Acknowledgement. | Message received | Acknowledgement | Affirmative (Ok) | Roger | Roger/Affirmative | |||
| 10-5 | Relay. | Relay (To) | Relay | ||||||
| 10-6 | Busy. | Busy, stand by | Busy -Stand by unless urgent | Busy | Busy | ||||
| 10-7 | Out of service. | Out of service (Give location and/or telephone number) | Out of Service | Out at ... | Out of Service | ||||
| 10-7 A | — | Not Available | |||||||
| 10-7 B | Off Radio | ||||||||
| 10-8 | In service. | In Service | Clear | In Service | |||||
| 10-9 | Repeat, conditions bad. | Repeat | Say Again | ||||||
| 10-10 | Out of service—subject to call. | On minor detail, subject to call | Fight in progress | Negative | — | ||||
| 10-11 | Dispatching too rapidly. | Stay in service | Dog Case | ... On Duty | On Radio | ||||
| 10-12 | Officials or visitors present. | Visitors or officials present | Stand by (stop) | Stand By (Stop) | Stand by | Stand By | |||
| 10-13 | Advise weather and road conditions. | Weather and road conditions | Weather and road report | Existing Conditions | Weather report/road report | ||||
| 10-14 | Convoy or escort. | Convoy or escort | Report of prowler | Message/Information | — | Prepare to Copy | |||
| 10-15 | We have prisoner in custody. | Civil disturbance | Message Delivered | Disturbance | |||||
| 10-16 | Pick up prisoner at ... | Domestic trouble | Reply to Message | — | |||||
| 10-17 | Pick up papers at ... | Meet complainant | Enroute | Responding | |||||
| 10-17 A | — | — | — | — | Theft | ||||
| 10-17 B | Vandalism | ||||||||
| 10-17 C | Shoplifting | ||||||||
| 10-18 | Complete present assignment as quickly as possible. | Anything for us? | Complete assignment quickly | Urgent | Priority | ||||
| 10-19 | Return to your station. | Nothing for you | Return to ... | (In) Contact | Return to ... | ||||
| 10-20 | What is your location? | Location | Location | Location | Location | ||||
| 10-21 | Call this station by telephone. | Call ... by phone | Call (...) by Phone | Call ... | Telephone | ||||
| 10-22 | Take no further action last information. | Report in person to ... | Disregard |
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Ten_codes >Text je dostupný pod licencí Creative Commons Uveďte autora – Zachovejte licenci, případně za dalších podmínek. Podrobnosti naleznete na stránce Podmínky užití. čítajte viac o Ten_codes
čítajte viac na tomto odkaze: Ten codes
Hladanie1.
Hungary v El Salvador (1982 FIFA World Cup) 10–20 system (EEG) Brevity code Citizens band radio Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International North America Illinois State Police Pesotum, Illinois State police Vacuum tube Dynamotor Highway Patrol (U.S. TV series) Broderick Crawford Wikipedia:Citation needed Microphone Citizens band radio C. W. McCall Convoy (song) Trucker Wikipedia:Citation needed Convoy (1978 film) Smokey and the Bandit New York Police Department Blue Bloods (TV series) Reality television Ten 7 Aotearoa Wikipedia:Citation needed Internet radio Chicago Police Department Chicago P.D. (TV series) Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Main Page Wikipedia:Contents Portal:Current events Special:Random Wikipedia:About Wikipedia:Contact us Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm source=donate&utm medium=sidebar&utm campaign=C13 en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en Help:Contents Help:Introduction Wikipedia:Community portal Special:RecentChanges Wikipedia:File upload wizard Main Page Special:Search Help:Introduction Special:MyContributions Special:MyTalk Тэн-код Тэн-код Códigos 10 کد ۱۰ Codes 10 Ten-code Codice 10 テン・コード Десятичные коды APCO Special:EntityPage/Q2529416#sitelinks-wikipedia Ten-code Talk:Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Special:WhatLinksHere/Ten-code Special:RecentChangesLinked/Ten-code Wikipedia:File Upload Wizard Special:SpecialPages Special:EntityPage/Q2529416 Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Main Page Wikipedia:Contents Portal:Current events Special:Random Wikipedia:About Wikipedia:Contact us Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm source=donate&utm medium=sidebar&utm campaign=C13 en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en Help:Contents Help:Introduction Wikipedia:Community portal Special:RecentChanges Wikipedia:File upload wizard Main Page Special:Search Help:Introduction Special:MyContributions Special:MyTalk Тэн-код Тэн-код Códigos 10 کد ۱۰ Codes 10 Ten-code Codice 10 テン・コード Десятичные коды APCO Special:EntityPage/Q2529416#sitelinks-wikipedia Ten-code Talk:Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Special:WhatLinksHere/Ten-code Special:RecentChangesLinked/Ten-code Wikipedia:File Upload Wizard Special:SpecialPages Special:EntityPage/Q2529416 Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Main Page Wikipedia:Contents Portal:Current events Special:Random Wikipedia:About Wikipedia:Contact us Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm source=donate&utm medium=sidebar&utm campaign=C13 en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en Help:Contents Help:Introduction Wikipedia:Community portal Special:RecentChanges Wikipedia:File upload wizard Main Page Special:Search Help:Introduction Special:MyContributions Special:MyTalk Тэн-код Тэн-код Códigos 10 کد ۱۰ Codes 10 Ten-code Codice 10 テン・コード Десятичные коды APCO Special:EntityPage/Q2529416#sitelinks-wikipedia Ten-code Talk:Ten-code Ten-code Ten-code Special:WhatLinksHere/Ten-code Special:RecentChangesLinked/Ten-code Wikipedia:File Upload Wizard Special:SpecialPages Special:EntityPage/Q2529416 Updating...x Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative
Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších
podmienok. | |||||
