Thymallus baicalensis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Salmoniformes
Family:	Salmonidae
Genus:	Thymallus
Species:	T. baicalensis
Binomial name
Thymallus baicalensis Dybowski, 1874

Thymallus baicalensis, also known as the Baikal black grayling, is a Siberian freshwater fish species in the salmon family Salmonidae.

Thymallus baicalensis occurs in Lake Baikal, in the inflowing Selenga River and throughout the major Enisei River drainage, and also some eastern tributaries of the Ob River.^[1]

It was previously considered a subspecies of the Arctic grayling, Thymallus arcticus baicalensis, but currently one of several distinct Siberian and East Asian grayling species, the closest of which are Thymallys nikolskyi, T. svetovidovi, T. brevicephalus and T. brevirostris. The distinction of these taxa is supported by the phylogeny of their mitochondrial DNA lineages. T. baicalensis is also characterized by a distinct dorsal-fin colouration pattern.^[1][2]

The Baikal grayling can grow up to a length 38 cm and 1.2 kg weight. It mainly moves along stony bottoms at shallow depths, feeding on caddisfly and stonefly larvae, amphipod crustaceans and fish eggs.^[3]