A drug cartel is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other.

The basic structure of a drug cartel is as follows:

• Falcons: Considered as the "eyes and ears" of the streets, the "falcons" are the lowest rank in any drug cartel. They are scouts, who are responsible for conducting reconnaissance, such as reporting the activities of the police, the military and rival groups.^[1]
• Hitmen: The armed group within the drug cartel, responsible for carrying out assassinations, kidnappings, thefts and extortions, operating protection rackets, as well as defending their plaza (turf) from rival groups and the military.^[2][3]
• Lieutenants: The second highest position in the drug cartel organization, responsible for supervising the hitmen and falcons within their own territory. They are allowed to carry out low-profile murders without permission from their bosses.^[4]
• Drug lords: The highest position in any drug cartel, responsible for supervising the entire drug industry, appointing territorial leaders, making alliances, in addition to planning high-profile murders.^[5]

There are other operating groups within the drug cartels. For example, the drug producers and suppliers,^[6] although not considered in the basic structure, are critical operators of any drug cartel, along with the smugglers, distributors, sales representatives, accountants and money launderers.^[7][8][9] Furthermore, the arms suppliers operate in a completely different circle;^[10] they are technically not considered part of the cartel's logistics.

Africa

• Cape Verdean organized crime
• Mungiki^[11]
• Organized crime in Nigeria^{[12][13][14][15][16][17]}
  • Confraternities in Nigeria
    • Black Axe (organized crime group)
  • Anini gang
• Mai-Mai militia gangs
• Moroccan hashish smugglers
  • Ahmed organization

Americas

North America

Canada

• Rivard organization
• Red Scorpions
• Bacon Brothers
• Montreal
  • West End Gang^[18][19]
  • Blass gang
  • Dubois Brothers
• Punjabi-Canadian organized crime
  • Punjabi Mafia ਜੌਹਲ ਗਿਰੋਹ (Canada)^[19]
• Canadian mafia families
  • Rizzuto crime family^[19][20]
  • Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan^[19][20]
  • Cotroni crime family^[19][20]
  • Musitano crime family^[19][20]
  • Papalia crime family^[19][20]
  • Luppino crime family^[19][20]
  • Perri crime family^[19][20]
  • Siderno Group^[19][20]
  • Commisso 'ndrina^[19][20]

Mexico

Mexican cartels (also known in Mexico as: la Mafia (the mafia or the mob), La Maña (the skill / the bad manners),^[21] narcotraficantes (narco-traffickers), or simply as narcos usually refers to several, rival, criminal organizations that are combated by the Mexican government in the Mexican War on Drugs (List sorted by branches and heritage):^[22]

Mexican academic Oswaldo Zavala, in his book Drug Cartels Do Not Exist argues that academics, officials, journalists and writers are mistaken to label the criminal gangs as cartels, noting that they do not meet the definition due to the competitive nature of the drugs trade, and the lack of hierarchal structure. He states that the Mexican state perpetuates the label to justify their militarised response.^[23]

Note: As of 2020 the DEA considered the cartels of Sinaloa-Beltran, Juarez-Linea, Jalisco, Golfo-Noreste-Zetas, La Familia and Rojos-Guerreros to be the most influential cartels in Mexico.^[24]

• Gulf Cartel (The oldest Mexican criminal syndicate, started as Prohibition-era bootlegging gang)
  • Los Zetas (Formerly part of the Gulf Cartel, now independent)
  • La Familia Michoacana (Formerly a branch of the Gulf Cartel, then went independent)^[25][26] (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Knights Templar Cartel (Splintered from La Familia Cartel)^[27]
• Guadalajara Cartel (The first full-fledged Mexican drug cartel, from which most of the big cartels spawned; disbanded in 1989^{[citation needed]})
• Sinaloa Cartel (Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel)
  • Colima Cartel (members are now a branch of the Sinaloa Cartel)^[28]
  • Sonora Cartel (was reformed in 2018 and is still a branch of the Sinaloa Cartel)^[28]
  • Artistas Asesinos (hitman squad;^[29] disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Gente Nueva (Sinaloa cell in Chihuahua;^[30] disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Los Ántrax (enforcer squad)

    

• Milenio Cartel (First loyal to the Sinaloa Cartel federation, later independent; disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • La Resistencia^[31] (Splintered from the Milenio Cartel; disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Jalisco New Generation Cartel^[32] (Independent remnants of the Milenio Cartel)
• Beltrán-Leyva Organization (Formerly part of the Sinaloa Cartel federation, later independent; disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Los Negros (Beltran-Leyva enforcement squad; disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • South Pacific Cartel (branch of the Beltran Leyva Cartel in Morelos)^[33][34][35]

    

  • Cártel del Centro^[36] (cell of the Beltran-Leyva Cartel in Mexico City) (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Independent Cartel of Acapulco^[37] (Splinter from the Beltran-Leyva Cartel)
  • La Barredora (gang)^[38]
  • El Comando Del Diablo (gang)^[39] (Hitman squad of la Barredora)^[40] (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • La Mano Con Ojos (gang)^[41] (small cell of Beltran-Leyva members in the State of Mexico) (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • La Nueva Administración^[42] (Splintered from the Beltran-Leyva Cartel) (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • La Oficina (gang)^[43] (cell of the Beltran-Leyva Cartel in Aguascalientes) (Disbanded^{[citation needed]})
  • Cártel de la Sierra (cell in Guerrero)^[44][45]
  • Cártel de La Calle (cell in Chiapas)^[46][47]
  • Los Chachos (gang in Tamaulipas) (Disbanded)^[48][49]
• Tijuana Cartel (Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel)
  • Oaxaca Cartel (Was a branch of the disbanded Tijuana Cartel, its regional leader was captured in 2007)
• Juárez Cartel (Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel)
  • La Línea (Juárez Cartel enforcer squad)
  • Barrio Azteca (U.S. street gang)^[50] (Allied with La Linea)

    

• Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel
• Caborca Cartel
• Lesser-known small-criminal organizations:
  • Los Mexicles (U.S. street gang)^[51]
  • Los Texas (street gang) (disbanded)^[52]
• Government officials: Other organizations that have been involved in drug trade or traffic in Mexico:
  • Mexican officials:
    • Municipal, state, and Federal Police forces in Mexico^[53][54][55]
    • Mexican Armed Forces (Army and Navy^{[56][57][58][59][60][61]})
    • Mexico City International Airport^[62]
    • Club Xoloitzcuintles (football)^[63][64]
  • United States officials:
    • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)^{[citation needed]}
    • Texas National Guard^{[citation needed]}
    • U.S. Customs and Border Protection^[65][66]
    • United States Immigration and Naturalization Service^{[citation needed]}

United States

The United States of America is the world's largest consumer of cocaine^[67] and other illegal drugs.^[68][69][70] This is a list of American criminal organizations involved in illegal drug traffic, drug trade and other related crimes in the United States:

• National Crime Syndicate^[18][71]
  • Seven Group^[18][71]
  • Murder, Inc.^[18][72]
• Polish Mob
  • Saltis-McErlane Gang^[71]
  • Kielbasa Posse^[73]
  • The Greenpoint Crew^[74]
  • Flats Mob
  • The Flathead gang^[75]
• Prohibition-era gangs
  • Galveston
    • Downtown Gang
    • Beach Gang
    • The Maceo syndicate
  • Shelton Brothers Gang^[71][76]
  • Sheldon Gang^[71]
  • Broadway Mob^[71]
  • The Lanzetta Brothers
  • Circus Cafe Gang^[71]
  • Wandering Family
  • Remus organization
• Hispanic-American
  • Marielitos
    • The Corporation^[18]

• Paisas
• Nuestra Familia

• • • Crips or Locs
    • Vamo Crew or Osprey boys
    • Bloods or B Dogs
    • Surenos or SUR 13
    • Nortenos or Norte 14
  • Puerto Rican mafia
    • Agosto organization
    • La ONU
    • Martinez Familia Sangeros
    • Solano organization
    • Negri organization
    • Márquez gambling ring
  • Polanco-Rodriguez organization^[14]
• Los Angeles (See also Rampart scandal)
  • Nash gang^[77]
  • Wonderland Gang^[77]
• Dixie Mafia^[71]
  • Cornbread Mafia^[78]
• Greek-American organized crime
  • Philadelphia Greek Mob^[79]
  • Velentzas Family^[80]
• Assyrian/Chaldean mafia^[81]
• Hawaii
  • The Company
  • Leota mob
• Wall gang
• Elkins mob
• The Chickens and the Bulls
• Binion mob
• Johnston gang

American Mafia

Italian immigrants to the United States in the early 19th century formed various small-time gangs which gradually evolved into sophisticated crime syndicates which dominated organized crime in America for several decades. Although government crackdowns and a less-tightly knit Italian-American community have largely reduced their power, they remain an active force in the underworld.

Active crime families

• American Mafia
• The Commission^[20]
• The Five Families of New York City^[12][18][20]
  • Bonanno^{[12][18][19][20][15][82]}
    • Indelicato crew
    • The Motion Lounge Crew
  • Colombo^{[12][18][19][20][15]}
    • Scarpa crew
  • Genovese^{[12][18][19][20][15][82][83]}
    • 116th Street Crew^[20]
    • Greenwich Village Crew^[18]
    • New Jersey Crew^[15]
  • Gambino^{[12][18][19][20][15][82]}
    • Ozone Park Boys^[84]
    • DeMeo crew^[20]
    • Baltimore Crew
    • South Florida faction
    • New Jersey faction
    • The Bergin Crew
    • Cherry Hill Gambinos
  • Lucchese^{[12][19][20][15][83]}
    • The Jersey Crew^[15]
    • The Vario Crew^[18]
    • 107th Street gang
• Magaddino crime family^[18][20]
• DeCavalcante crime family^[18][20][15]
• The Chicago Outfit^{[12][18][81][20][75]} (see also Unione Siciliane)
  • Las Vegas crew (defunct)
• Philadelphia crime family^{[18][19][20][15]}
• Pittsburgh crime family^[20][71]
• Patriarca crime family^[20]
  • Angiulo Brothers crew^[20]
• Cleveland crime family^[20][75]
• Los Angeles crime family^[20]
• Kansas City crime family^[20]
• Trafficante crime family^[20]
• Detroit Partnership^[20][71][75]
• Milwaukee crime family^[20]
• New Orleans crime family^[18][20][71]

Defunct mafia families

• Morello crime family^[18][20]
• Genna crime family^[20]
• Porrello crime family^[20]
• St. Louis crime family^[20]
• Rochester Crime Family^[20]
• Bufalino crime family^[20]
• Dallas crime family^[20]
• Denver crime family^[20]
• San Francisco crime family^[20]
• San Jose crime family^[20]
• Seattle crime family
• Omaha crime family
• Licavoli Mob^[18][20]
• Cardinelli gang
• New York Camorra
• East Harlem Purple Gang^[83]

Jewish mafia

• New York City
  • Schultz gang
  • The Bugs and Meyer Mob^[72]
  • Shapiro Brothers^[72]
  • Yiddish Black Hand^[72]
  • Rothstein organization
  • Kaplan gang
  • Rosenzweig gang
• Boston
  • 69th Street Gang^[72]
  • Sagansky organization
  • Solomon organization^[72]
• Los Angeles
  • Cohen crime family (mix between Jewish and Italian members)^[20][71][72]
• The Purple Gang^[18][72][75]
• Zwillman gang^[72]
• Kid Cann's gang^[72]
• Birger mob^[76]
• Cleveland Syndicate

African-American organized crime

• New York City
  • The Council^[85][14][82]
  • Harlem numbers racket^[82]
  • Bumpy Johnson gang^[82]
  • Supreme Team^[86]
  • The Bebos
  • The Country Boys^[82][86]
  • Matthews Organization^[82]
• The Family
• Detroit
  • Black Mafia Family^[87]
  • Young Boys, Inc.^[14]
  • Chambers Brothers^[14]
• Philadelphia
  • Black Mafia^[18][82][86]
  • Junior Black Mafia^[16]
• Oakland, California
  • 69 Mob^[86]
• Baltimore
  • Williams organization (drug trafficking)^[86]
• Washington, D.C.
  • Rayful Edmond organization^[86]
• Chicago
  • Theodore Roe's gambling ring
  • Stokes organization
• Atlantic City
  • Aso Posse
• Miami
  • Miami Boys
• Rosemond Organization

Irish Mob

• Prohibition-era Chicago gangs
  • North Side Gang^[18][71][88]
  • James Patrick O'Leary organization
  • John Patrick Looney gang
  • Valley Gang^[71]
  • Ragen's Colts^[71]
  • Touhy gang
• Boston
  • Mullen Gang^[88]
  • Winter Hill Gang^[18][88]
  • Gustin Gang^[88]
  • Charlestown Mob
  • Killeen gang^[88]
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Drug_cartels
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