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This article is missing information about prominent features of versions before 2021.(May 2023) |
This article documents the version history of the Linux kernel. The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, Unix-like operating system kernel. It was conceived and created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds.[1]
Linux kernels have different support levels depending on the version. Usually, each stable version continues to backport bug fixes from the mainline until the next stable version is released. However, if a stable version has been designated as a long-term support (LTS) kernel, it will be maintained for an extra few years.[2] After that, versions designated as Super-Long-Term Support (SLTS) will then be maintained by the Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) for many more years.[3]
Releases 6.x.y
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/qdl4y4gyaqx940fwubzqhj59avk3hzn.png)
Version | Original release date | Last release | Maintainer | EOL | Prominent features | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.6 | 30 October 2023[2] | 6.6.5[4] ![]() |
Linus Torvalds | ||||
6.5 | 27 August 2023[2] | 6.5.13[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin | 28 November 2023[6] | |||
6.4 | 25 June 2023[2] | 6.4.16[5] | 13 September 2023[7] | ||||
6.3 | 23 April 2023[2] | 6.3.13[5] | 11 July 2023[8] |
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6.2 | 19 February 2023[2] | 6.2.16[5] | May 2023[9] |
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6.1 | 11 December 2022[10] | 6.1.65[5] | December 2026[2]
August 2033[11] |
23rd LTS release Used in Debian 12 "Bookworm"[16] 4th SLTS release (which CIP[17] is planning[11] to support until August 2033) 6.1.28 is named Curry Ramen[18] | |||
6.0 | 2 October 2022[19] | 6.0.19[20] | January 2023[20] | Named "Hurr durr I'ma [sic] ninja sloth"[23] | |||
Legend: Old version Older version, still maintained Latest version Latest preview version |
Releases 5.x.y
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/p3pdq8nk4oz0nzb8551gd9p3tbnqvhq.png)
Version | Original release date | Last release | Maintainer | EOL | Prominent features | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5.19 | 31 July 2022[24] | 5.19.17[25] | Linus Torvalds | October 2022[25] |
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|
5.18 | 22 May 2022[29] | 5.18.19[30] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | August 2022[30] | ||
5.17 | 20 March 2022[38] | 5.17.15[39] | June 2022[39] | Used in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on newer hardware[46]
Named Superb Owl[47] | ||
5.16 | 9 January 2022[48] | 5.16.20[49] | April 2022[49] | |||
5.15 | 31 October 2021[54] | 5.15.141[5] | October 2026[2] | 22nd LTS release; used in
Named Trick or Treat[59] | ||
5.14 | 29 August 2021[60] | 5.14.21[61] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | November 2021[61] | Used in RHEL 9.x and derivatives[62] (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports) and SLE 15 SP4/openSUSE Leap 15.4 | |
5.13 | 27 June 2021[63] | 5.13.19[64] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin | September 2021[64] | Named Opossums on Parade | |
5.12 | 25 April 2021[65] | 5.12.19[66] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | July 2021[66] | Named Frozen Wasteland[67][68] | |
5.11 | 14 February 2021[69] | 5.11.22[70] | May 2021[70] | Named "💕 Valentine's Day Edition 💕"[71] | ||
5.10 | 13 December 2020[72] | 5.10.202[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | December 2026[2][73] January 2031[11] |
21st LTS release; used in Debian 11 "Bullseye"[74]
3rd SLTS release (which CIP[75] is planning[11] to support until January 2031) Named "Dare mighty things"[76] | |
5.9 | 11 October 2020[77] | 5.9.16[78] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | December 2020[78] | ||
5.8 | 2 August 2020[79] | 5.8.18[80] | November 2020[80] | |||
5.7 | 31 May 2020[81] | 5.7.19[82] | August 2020[82] | |||
5.6 | 29 March 2020[83] | 5.6.19[84] | June 2020[84] | |||
5.5 | 26 January 2020[85] | 5.5.19[86] | April 2020[86] | |||
5.4 | 24 November 2019[87] | 5.4.262[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | December 2025[2] | 20th LTS release, used in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4-rc2 is named Nesting Opossum[88] 5.4-rc5 is named Kleptomaniac Octopus[89] | |
5.3 | 15 September 2019[90] | 5.3.18[91] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | December 2019[91] | ||
5.2 | 7 July 2019[92] | 5.2.20[93] | October 2019[93] | 5.2-rc2 is named Golden Lions[94][95] 5.2 is named Bobtail Squid[96] | ||
5.1 | 5 May 2019[97] | 5.1.21[98] | July 2019[98] |
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5.0 | 3 March 2019[100] | 5.0.21[101] | June 2019[101] | |||
Legend: Old version Older version, still maintained |
Releases 4.x.y
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/2l19sqg5q7klaauc7v15o3jnpbm90hg.png)
Version | Original release date | Last release | Maintainer | EOL | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4.20 | 23 December 2018[102] | 4.20.17[103] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | March 2019[103] | Named Shy Crocodile[104] |
4.19 | 22 October 2018[105] | 4.19.300[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | December 2024[2][106] January 2029[11] |
19th LTS release. Used in Debian 10 "Buster".[107] Second SLTS release (which CIP is planning[11] to support until January 2029), and first with ARM64 support.[108] Named "People's Front"[109] |
4.18 | 12 August 2018[110] | 4.18.20[111] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | November 2018[111] | RHEL 8.x (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports) |
4.17 | 3 June 2018[112] | 4.17.19[113] | August 2018[113] | Named Merciless Moray[114] | |
4.16 | 1 April 2018[115] | 4.16.18[116] | June 2018[116] | ||
4.15 | 28 January 2018[117] | 4.15.18[118] | April 2018[118] | Used in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | |
4.14 | 12 November 2017[119] | 4.14.331[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | January 2024[2][120] | 18th LTS release
4.14.1 is named Petit Gorille[121] |
4.13 | 3 September 2017[122] | 4.13.16[123] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | November 2017[123] | |
4.12 | 2 July 2017[124] | 4.12.14[125] | September 2017[125] | ||
4.11 | 30 April 2017[126] | 4.11.12[127] | July 2017[127] | ||
4.10 | 19 February 2017[128] | 4.10.17[129] | May 2017[129] | 4.10-rc5 was named Anniversary Edition[130] | |
4.9 | 11 December 2016[132] | 4.9.337[5] | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] | January 2023[2][133] | 17th LTS release. Used in Debian 9 "Stretch".[134] Named Roaring Lionus[135][136] |
4.8 | 25 September 2016[137] | 4.8.17[138] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | January 2017[138] | |
4.7 | 24 July 2016[139] | 4.7.10[140] | October 2016[140] | Named Psychotic Stoned Sheep[141] | |
4.6 | 15 May 2016[142] | 4.6.7[143] | August 2016[143] | Named Charred Weasel[144] | |
4.5 | 13 March 2016[145] | 4.5.7[146] | June 2016[147] | ||
4.4 | 10 January 2016[148] | 4.4.302[149] 4.4.302-cip80[150] |
Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[2] (until February 2022[149]) Nobuhiro Iwamatsu & Pavel Machek[11] |
January 2027[11] | 16th LTS release, used in Slackware 14.2.[151] Canonical provided extended support until April 2021.[152] As the first kernel selected for Super Long Term Support (SLTS), the Civil Infrastructure Platform will provide support until at least 2026.[3] Used in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS |
4.3 | 1 November 2015[153] | 4.3.6[154] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | February 2016[155] | Named Blurry Fish Butt[156][157] |
4.2 | 30 August 2015[158] | 4.2.8[159] | December 2015[159] | Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.[160][161] | |
4.1 | 22 June 2015[162] | 4.1.52[163] | Sasha Levin[2][164] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)[165] | May 2018[163] | 15th LTS release. 4.1.1 was named Series 4800[166] |
4.0 | 12 April 2015[167] | 4.0.9[168] | Greg Kroah-Hartman | July 2015[169] | Named "Hurr durr I'ma [sic] sheep"[170] (Internet poll) |
Legend: Old version Older version, still maintained |
Releases 3.x.y
The jump from 2.6.x to 3.x wasn't because of a breaking update, but rather the first release of a new versioning scheme introduced as a more convenient system.[171]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/1ob7vf3ov541yv6wyhfhgvoyy9uu5vc.png)
Version | Original release date | Last release | Maintainer
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