A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
Mok | |
---|---|
Region | Shan State, Myanmar and Thailand |
Native speakers | 4,700 (2018)[1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | mqt |
Glottolog | mokk1243 |
ELP | Mok |
Mok (/mɔ̀k/ ‘mountain people’[2]), also known as Amok,[3] Hsen-Hsum, and Muak, is an Angkuic language or dialect cluster spoken in Shan State, Myanmar[4]
7 speakers in Lampang province, Thailand were reported by Wurm & Hattori (1981).
Varieties
Hall & Devereux (2018) report that five varieties of Mok are spoken in Shan State, Myanmar, providing the following comparative vocabulary table.[4] These varieties have some lexical similarity (the lowest being 88%) with each other, but very low lexical similarity with the other Angkuic languages.[5]
Gloss | Mok A | Mok B | Mok C | Mok D | Mok E | Muak Sa-aak | Pa Xɛp U | Hu |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
die | jâm | jàp | jám | |||||
weep | jâːm | jâm | jàm | |||||
chicken | ʔɛ̂l | jɛ́ | - | |||||
silver, money | [6] | [6] | mûl | mùn | mm̥úl | |||
fly (v.) | / | ntʰíaŋ | mpʰîang | ntʰîaŋ | pʰ.jûl | mpʰə̀ | phɨ́ʁ | |
louse | síʔ / nsíʔ | síʔ / nsíʔ | nsíʔ | síʔ / nsíʔ | síʔ / nsíʔ | cʰíʔ | nchí | nsíʔ |
Owen (2018) names these varieties Hwe Law, Chieng Kham, Pha Lam, Punglong, and Hwe Koi.[7]
A Mok dialect of Shan State has been documented by Shintani (2019).[8]
Geographic distributionedit
Tannumsaeng (2020)[5] describes three locations for Mok: between Mong Khet and Mong Yang and south of Kengtung in Myanmar, and on the Thai-Burmese border in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The main Mok-speaking areas in Shan State include an area just to the south of Kengtung, and another area situated between Mong Khet and Mong Yang.[2]
Phonologyedit
Tannumsaeng (2020),[5] citing Hall & Devereux (2018), provides the following phonology for Mok.
The consonants are /pʰ p m f w tʰ t n s l r c ɲ j kʰ k ŋ ʔ h/, with reduced /m̩ n̩ ɲ̩ ŋ̩ pə tə kə sə/. /f/ and /r/ only appear in certain varieties. The vowels are /i e ɛ u ɯ o ɤ ɔ a/, with the diphthongs /ia ɯa ua/. Mok has two tones, one low and one high.
Consonantsedit
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
Aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
Fricative | f | s | h | |||
Trill | r | |||||
Approximant | w | l | j | (w) |
Vowelsedit
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | ɯ • u | |
Close-mid | e | ə | ɤ • o |
Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
Open | a |
Where there are two vowels separated by a dot •, the one on the left is unrounded and the one on the right is rounded.
References and notesedit
- ^ Mok at Ethnologue (24th ed., 2021)
- ^ a b Tannumsaeng, Phakawee. 2020. A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, with Special Focus on The Anaphoric Uses of tɤ́ʔ. M.A. dissertation. Chiang Mai: Payap University.
- ^ OLAC Resources in and about the Mok Language, www.language-archives.org/language.php/mqt.
- ^ a b Hall, Elizabeth and Shane Devereux (2018). Preliminary Mok Phonology and Implications for Angkuic Sound Change. Paper presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, held May 17-19, 2018 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- ^ a b c Phakawee Tannumsaeng (2020). A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, With Special Focus on the Anaphoric Use of tɤ́ʔ. Payap University.
- ^ a b Tai loanword
- ^ Owen, Robert Wyn. 2018. Initial findings from Mok KIQ and DMT. Unpublished manuscript.
- ^ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2019. The Sen Tsum (I-Mok) language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area (LSTCA) no. 121. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
Further readingedit
- Hall, Elizabeth. 2010. A Phonology of Muak Sa-aak. M.A. thesis. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Payap University.
External linksedit
- RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
- http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-9671-C@view Mok in RWAAI Digital Archive
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