A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration.jpg/220px-Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration.jpg)
This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes:
- All spacecraft that have left Earth orbit for the purposes of Solar System exploration (or were launched with that intention but failed), including lunar probes.
- A small number of pioneering or notable Earth-orbiting craft.[vague]
It does not include:
- Centuries of terrestrial telescopic observation.
- The great majority of Earth-orbiting satellites.
- Space probes leaving Earth orbit that are not concerned with Solar System exploration (such as space telescopes targeted at distant galaxies, cosmic background radiation observatories, and so on).
- Probes that failed at launch.
The dates listed are launch dates, but the achievements noted may have occurred some time later—in some cases, a considerable time later (for example, Voyager 2, launched 20 August 1977, did not reach Neptune until 1989).
1950s
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sputnik_asm.jpg/240px-Sputnik_asm.jpg)
Mission name | Launch date | Description | Ref(s) |
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4 October 1957 | First Earth orbiter | [1][2] |
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3 November 1957 | Earth orbiter, first animal in orbit, a dog named Laika | [2][3][4] |
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1 February 1958 | Earth orbiter; discovered Van Allen radiation belts | [5] |
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17 March 1958 | Earth orbiter; oldest spacecraft still in Earth orbit | [6] |
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2 January 1959 | First lunar flyby (attempted lunar impact?); first artificial satellite in heliocentric orbit. | [7][8][9][10] |
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3 March 1959 | Lunar flyby | [11][12] |
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12 September 1959 | First extraterrestrial impact and lunar impact, First artificial object on Moon | [10][13] |
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4 October 1959 | Lunar flyby; First images of another celestial body taken from space, most notably, the far side of Moon | [10][14] |
1960s
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Vostok_spacecraft.jpg/240px-Vostok_spacecraft.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Mariner_2.jpg/240px-Mariner_2.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mariner_3_and_4.jpg/240px-Mariner_3_and_4.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Luna-9-1.jpg/240px-Luna-9-1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Zond_L1_drawing.svg/240px-Zond_L1_drawing.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ap8-S68-56310.jpg/220px-Ap8-S68-56310.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Aldrin_Looks_Back_at_Tranquility_Base_-_GPN-2000-001102.jpg/240px-Aldrin_Looks_Back_at_Tranquility_Base_-_GPN-2000-001102.jpg)
Mission name | Launch date | Description | Ref(s) |
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11 March 1960 | Interplanetary space investigations | [15][16] |
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12 February 1961 | First probe to another planet; Venus flyby (contact lost before flyby) | [17][18][19] |
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12 April 1961 | First crewed Earth orbiter (Yuri Gagarin) | [20][21] |
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23 August 1961 | Attempted lunar test flight (failed to leave Earth orbit) | [22][23][24] |
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18 November 1961 | Attempted lunar test flight (failed to leave Earth orbit) | [24][25][26] |
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26 January 1962 | Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) | [24][27][28] |
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23 April 1962 | Lunar impact (but unintentionally became the first spacecraft to hit the lunar farside and returned no data) | [24][29][30][31] |
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27 August 1962 | First successful planetary encounter, First successful Venus flyby | [32][33][34] |
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18 October 1962 | Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) | [24][35][36] |
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1 November 1962 | First probe to Mars: flyby (contact lost) | [37][38] |
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2 April 1963 | Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) | [39][40] |
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11 November 1963 | Attempted Venera test flight? | [41] |
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30 January 1964 | Lunar impact (cameras failed) | [42][43] |
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2 April 1964 | Venus flyby (contact lost) | [44][45][46] |
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28 July 1964 | Lunar impact (success) | [47][48][49] |
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12 October 1964 | First orbiter with multimember crew | [50][51] |
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5 November 1964 | Attempted Mars flyby (failed to attain correct trajectory) | [52][53] |
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28 November 1964 | First successful Mars flyby | [54][55] |
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30 November 1964 | Mars flyby (contact lost) | [46][56][57] |
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17 February 1965 | Lunar impact | [58][59] |
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18 March 1965 | First space walk, by Alexei Leonov | [51][60] |
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21 March 1965 | Lunar impact | [61][62] |
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6 May 1965 | Oldest spacecraft still in use[citation needed] | [63] |
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9 May 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) | [64] |
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8 June 1965 | Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) | [65] |
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18 July 1965 | Lunar flyby | [46][66][67] |
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4 October 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) | [68] |
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12 November 1965 | Venus flyby (contact lost) | [69][18] |
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16 November 1965 | Venus lander (contact lost) – First spacecraft to reach another planet's atmosphere and surface, First Venus impact | [70][18] |
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3 December 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing?) | [71] |
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16 December 1965 | "Space weather" observations | [72][73][74][75] |
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31 January 1966 | First extraterrestrial lander and lunar lander | [10][76] |
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31 March 1966 | First extraterrestrial orbiter and first lunar orbiter | [77] |
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30 May 1966 | Lunar lander | [78][79][80] |
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1 July 1966 | Attempted lunar orbiter (failed to attain lunar orbit) | [81][82] |
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10 August 1966 | Lunar orbiter | [83][84][85] |
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17 August 1966 | "Space weather" observations | [75][86][87] |
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24 August 1966 | Lunar orbiter | [88] |
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20 September 1966 | Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon) | [89][90] |
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22 October 1966 | Lunar orbiter | [91] |
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6 November 1966 | Lunar orbiter | [92][93] |
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21 December 1966 | Lunar lander | [94] |
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5 February 1967 | Lunar orbiter | [95][96] |
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17 April 1967 | Lunar lander | [97][98] |
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4 May 1967 | Lunar orbiter | [99][100] |
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12 June 1967 | First functioning extraterrestrial atmospheric probe (Venus) | [18][101] |
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14 June 1967 | Venus flyby | [102][103] |
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14 July 1967 | Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon) | [104][105] |
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19 July 1967 | Lunar orbiter | [106] |
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1 August 1967 | Lunar orbiter | [85][107][108] |
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8 September 1967 | Lunar lander | [109][110] |
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7 November 1967 | Lunar lander, first lift-off from an extraterrestrial body | [79][111][112] |
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9 November 1967 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (uncrewed) | [113] |
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13 December 1967 | "Space weather" observations | [75][114][115] |
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7 January 1968 | Lunar lander | [116][117] |
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22 January 1968 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (uncrewed) | [118][119] |
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2 March 1968 | Lunar programme test flight out of Earth orbit (uncrewed) | [46][120][121][122] |
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7 April 1968 | Lunar orbiter | [123] |
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14 September 1968 | First lunar flyby and return to Earth, first life forms to circle the Moon | [46][124][125][126][127] |
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11 October 1968 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (crewed) | [128][129] |
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8 November 1968 | "Space weather" observations | [75][130][131] |
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10 November 1968 | Lunar flyby and return to Earth | [46][132][133] |
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21 December 1968 | First crewed spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, first crewed lunar orbiter | [129][134][135] |
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5 January 1969 | Venus atmospheric probe | [18][136] |
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10 January 1969 | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Timeline_of_planetary_exploration