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Yelets Елец
City[1]
Yelets Cathedral
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Yelets
Yelets Location of Yelets Show map of Russia Yelets Yelets (Lipetsk Oblast) Show map of Lipetsk Oblast
Coordinates: 52°37′00″N 38°28′00″E / 52.61667°N 38.46667°E / 52.61667; 38.46667
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Lipetsk Oblast[1]
First mentioned	1146
Government
• Head	Evgeny Borovskikh
Elevation	140 m (460 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[2]
• Total	108,404
• Rank	151st in 2010
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
• Capital of	Yeletsky District,[1] Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Yelets Urban Okrug[3]
• Capital of	Yelets Urban Okrug,[3] Yeletsky Municipal District[3]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [4])
Postal code(s)[5]	399770—399788
Dialing code(s)	+7 47467
OKTMO ID	42715000001
Website	elets-adm.ru

Yelets or Elets (Russian: Елец) is a city in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Bystraya Sosna River, which is a tributary of the Don. Population: 99,875 (2021 Census);^[6] 108,404 (2010 Russian census);^[2] 116,726 (2002 Census);^[7] 120,261 (1989 Soviet census).^[8]

Historyedit

Yelets is the oldest center of the Central Black Earth Region. It was mentioned in historical documents as early as 1146 or 1147, when it was a fort belonging to the princes of Ryazan.^[9] The town's position at the very south of the Russian lands made it an easy prey for Turkic conquerors. The Mongols burned it in 1239,^[9] Uzbeg Khan ravaged it in 1316, Timur sacked it in 1395,^[10] and the Tatars devastated it in 1414.^[11]

In 1483, the Principality of Yelets was absorbed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow, while the local Rurikid rulers (last heard of in the 19th century) entered the service of Ivan III. In 1591, Boris Godunov revived the largely deserted town by establishing a fortress there. In 1618, the fortress was captured "by subterfuge" by 20,000 Cossacks under Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, allied with Władysław IV of Poland. They dismantled a large part of town fortifications.

In the 19th century, Yelets became the largest trade center of the region. Handmade lace has been a notable product of the city since then; other important industries are grain milling and the manufacture of machinery. The town's chief landmark is the vast Ascension Cathedral, built over the years 1845–1889 to a Neo-Muscovite design by Konstantin Thon. The town was occupied by the German Army from December 4 to 9, 1941 and damaged during the brief occupation and Soviet offensive in the region.

Geographyedit

The city is situated on the Bystraya Sosna River, which is a tributary of the Don.

Climateedit

Administrative and municipal statusedit

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Yelets serves as the administrative center of Yeletsky District, even though it is not a part of it.^[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated as Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.^[1] As a municipal division, Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Yelets Urban Okrug.^[3]

Economy and transportationedit

The city is connected to Moscow, Lipetsk, Oryol, and Rostov by rail and the M4 highway runs past it.

The main industries are limestone quarrying, engineering, food processing, textiles and clothing (Yelets Lace), tobacco processing, and vodka distilling.

Culture and educationedit

The city has a theatre, cinemas, and several sports venues.

The Yelets State University was upgraded from an institute in 2000 and the city has eight secondary schools.

Notable peopleedit

• Iulia Dombrovskaia, pediatrician born in Yelets in 1891.
• Tikhon Khrennikov, composer and administrator born in Yelets in 1913.

Referencesedit

Notesedit

Sourcesedit

• Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. Закон №382-ОЗ от 28 апреля 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Липецкой области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №343-ОЗ от 5 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Липецкой области в связи с объединением сельских поселений Добринский сельсовет и Сафоновский сельсовет Добринского муниципального района Липецкой области». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №88, 7 мая 2010 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #382-OZ of April 28, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Lipetsk Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Law #343-OZ of December 5, 2014 On Amending Various Laws of Lipetsk Oblast Due to the Merger of the Rural Settlements of Dobrinsky Selsoviet and Safonovsky Selsoviet in Dobrinsky Municipal District of Lipetsk Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
• Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. Закон №114-ОЗ от 2 июля 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований в Липецкой области статусом городского округа, муниципального района, городского и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №343-ОЗ от 5 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Липецкой области в связи с объединением сельских поселений Добринский сельсовет и Сафоновский сельсовет Добринского муниципального района Липецкой области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №131, 8 июля 2004 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #536-OZ of August 18, 2011 On Granting Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of Lipetsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #343-OZ of December 5, 2014 On Amending Various Laws of Lipetsk Oblast Due to the Merger of the Rural Settlements of Dobrinsky Selsoviet and Safonovsky Selsoviet in Dobrinsky Municipal District of Lipetsk Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).