List of artificial objects on Venus

The following table is a partial list of artificial objects on the surface of the planet Venus. They have been abandoned after having served their purpose. The list does not include smaller objects such as parachutes or heatshields.

Artificial object	Country	Landing date	Landing mass	Coordinates
Venera 3	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	March 1, 1966	377 kg (831 lb)^[a]	20°N 80°E / 20°N 80°E / 20; 80^[1]
Venera 4	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	October 18, 1967	377 kg (831 lb)	19°N 38°E / 19°N 38°E / 19; 38
Venera 5	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	May 16, 1969	410 kg (900 lb)	3°S 18°E / 3°S 18°E / -3; 18
Venera 6	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	May 17, 1969	410 kg (900 lb)	5°S 23°E / 5°S 23°E / -5; 23
Venera 7	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	December 15, 1970	500 kg (1,100 lb)	5°S 351°E / 5°S 351°E / -5; 351
Venera 8 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	July 22, 1972	495 kg (1,091 lb)	10°42′S 335°15′E / 10.700°S 335.250°E / -10.700; 335.250
Venera 9 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	October 22, 1975	1,560 kg (3,440 lb)	31°00′36″N 291°38′24″E / 31.01000°N 291.64000°E / 31.01000; 291.64000
Venera 10 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	October 25, 1975	1,560 kg (3,440 lb)	15°25′12″N 291°30′36″E / 15.42000°N 291.51000°E / 15.42000; 291.51000
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe Bus^[2]	NASA United States	December 9, 1978	290 kg (640 lb)	37°09′S 290°09′E / 37.150°S 290.150°E / -37.150; 290.150
Pioneer Venus Large Probe^[2]	NASA United States	December 9, 1978	316 kg (697 lb)	04°04′N 304°00′E / 4.067°N 304.000°E / 4.067; 304.000
Pioneer Venus Small Probe North^[2]	NASA United States	December 9, 1978	90 kg (200 lb)	59°03′N 04°08′E / 59.050°N 4.133°E / 59.050; 4.133
Pioneer Venus Small Probe Day^[2]	NASA United States	December 9, 1978	90 kg (200 lb)	31°03′S 317°00′E / 31.050°S 317.000°E / -31.050; 317.000
Pioneer Venus Small Probe Night^[2]	NASA United States	December 9, 1978	90 kg (200 lb)	28°07′S 56°07′E / 28.117°S 56.117°E / -28.117; 56.117
Venera 11 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	December 25, 1978	760 kg (1,680 lb)	14°S 299°E / 14°S 299°E / -14; 299
Venera 12 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	December 21, 1978	760 kg (1,680 lb)	07°S 294°E / 7°S 294°E / -7; 294
Venera 13 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	March 1, 1982	760 kg (1,680 lb)	07°05′S 303°00′E / 7.083°S 303.000°E / -7.083; 303.000
Venera 14 Lander	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	March 5, 1982	760 kg (1,680 lb)	13°25′S 310°00′E / 13.417°S 310.000°E / -13.417; 310.000
Vega 1 Descent unit	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	June 11, 1985	1,520 kg (3,350 lb)	07°05′N 177°07′E / 7.083°N 177.117°E / 7.083; 177.117^[b]
Vega 1 Balloon gondola	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	June 12, 1985	6.9 kg (15 lb)	08°01′N 68°08′E / 8.017°N 68.133°E / 8.017; 68.133
Vega 2 Descent unit	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	June 15, 1985	1,520 kg (3,350 lb)	08°05′S 177°07′E / 8.083°S 177.117°E / -8.083; 177.117
Vega 2 Balloon gondola	Soviet Academy of Sciences Soviet Union	June 17, 1985	6.9 kg (15 lb)	07°05′S 76°03′E / 7.083°S 76.050°E / -7.083; 76.050\|
Pioneer Venus Orbiter	NASA United States	October 22, 1992	517 kg (1,140 lb)^[a]
Magellan	NASA United States	October 13, 1994	1,035 kg (2,282 lb)^[a]
Venus Express	European Space Agency	January / February 2015 ^[c]	700 kg (1,500 lb)^[a]
Total estimated mass			15,234 kg (33,585 lb)

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d The exact location of fall is unknown.
^ It isn't known how much farther the balloon traveled after the final communication.
^ The exact time of atmospheric entry is unknown.

References

^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Venera 3". Retrieved 2010-12-24.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center (February 12, 2015). "Pioneer Venus Project Information". Retrieved August 21, 2018.

External links

Bernd Leitenbergers Website (in German)
Venera Missions. NASA
The Soviet Exploration of Venus. Donald P. Mitchell

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[fn1-1] The exact location of fall is unknown.

[4] It isn't known how much farther the balloon traveled after the final communication.

[5] The exact time of atmospheric entry is unknown.

[2] "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Venera 3". Retrieved 2010-12-24.

[pioneer_multiprobe-3] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center (February 12, 2015). "Pioneer Venus Project Information". Retrieved August 21, 2018.

[a]

[1]

[2]

[b]

[c]

List of artificial objects on Venus

Notes

See also

References

External links