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Philipp Nicolai | |
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![]() Portrait from Deorum Dearumque by Hans Vredeman de Vries, 1573. | |
Born | |
Died | 26 October 1608 | (aged 52)
Education | University of Erfurt |
Occupations | |
Known for |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Nicolai_IV_-_Philipp_Nicolai.jpg/170px-Nicolai_IV_-_Philipp_Nicolai.jpg)
Philipp Nicolai (10 August 1556 – 26 October 1608) was a German Lutheran pastor, poet, and composer. He is most widely recognized as a hymnodist.[1][2]
Life
Philipp Nicolai was born at Mengeringhausen in Waldeck, where his father was a Lutheran pastor. His early education include studies at Kassel, Hildesheim and Dortmund. He studied theology at the University of Erfurt where he was a pupil of Ludwig Helmbold.[3]
In 1583, he was ordained to the Lutheran ministry and was appointed minister at Herdecke. He was subsequently expelled during the Counter-Reformation. In 1588, he became pastor at Altwildungen in Hesse. He graduated with a Doctorate Degree in Theology from the University of Wittenberg in 1594. In 1596, he became the minister at Unna in Westphalia. In 1601, he was elected chief pastor of St. Catherine's Church (Katharinenkirche) in Hamburg.[4][5]
Nicolai died in Hamburg on 26 October 1608, at age 52.
Work
He was the author of two famous hymns: "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme" and "Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern", sometimes referred to as the King and Queen of Chorales, respectively. These two chorales have inspired many composers, including Johann Sebastian Bach, whose chorale cantatas Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern, BWV 1, and Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140, are based on them.[6] Bach's organ transcription of the latter, as published in the Schübler Chorales, has become world famous. Nicolai is supposed to be the last example of the Meistersinger tradition, in which words and music, text and melody stem from one and the same person.[7][8]
Philipp Nicolai is commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church on 26 October together with hymnodists Johann Heermann and Paul Gerhardt.
References
- ^ Philipp Nicolai, Hymnwriter (justus.anglican.org)
- ^ "Philip Nicolai (1556-1608) (Hymns Ancient and Modern: Historical Edition William H. Frere, 1909)". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ Philipp Nicolai, 1556-1608 (STEM Publishing)
- ^ Philipp Nicolai (Hymns and Carols of Christmas.com)
- ^ Nicolai, Philipp, D.D.(Hymnary.org)
- ^ Lyon, James (2005). Chorals. Editions Beauchesne. p. 73. ISBN 978-2-7010-1493-7.
- ^ Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, translated by: Catherine Winkworth as Wake, Awake, for Night is Flying
- ^ King and Queen of Chorales (Christian Classics Eternal Library)
Other sources
- Glover, Raymond F. (1990) The Hymnal 1982 Companion, Volume One (Church Publishing Inc) ISBN 9780898691436
- Crump, William D. (2013) The Christmas encyclopedia (McFarland & Company, 3rd ed.) ISBN 9780786468270
Further reading
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Hans Vredeman de Vries
Mengeringhausen
Waldeck, Hesse
Holy Roman Empire
Hamburg
University of Erfurt
Theology
Hymnodist
Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme
Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern
File:Nicolai IV - Philipp Nicolai.jpg
Lutheran
Pastor
Hymnodist
Mengeringhausen
Waldeck, Hesse
Kassel
Hildesheim
Dortmund
University of Erfurt
Ludwig Helmbold
Herdecke
Counter-Reformation
University of Wittenberg
Unna
Westphalia
St. Catherine's Church, Hamburg
Hamburg
Hymn
Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme
Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern
Chorale
Johann Sebastian Bach
Chorale cantata (Bach)
Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern, BWV 1
Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140
Pipe organ
Schübler Chorales
Meistersinger
Calendar of Saints (Lutheran)
Lutheran Church
Hymnodist
Johann Heermann
Paul Gerhardt
ISBN (identifier)
Special:BookSources/978-2-7010-1493-7
ISBN (identifier)
Special:BookSources/9780898691436
ISBN (identifier)
Special:BookSources/9780786468270
Category: Philipp Nicolai
Template:Lutheran hymnody
Template talk:Lutheran hymnody
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Lutheran hymn
List of hymnals#Lutheran
Christian Worship: A Lutheran Hymnal
Common Service Book
Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book
Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary
Evangelical Lutheran Worship
Lutheran Book of Worship
The Lutheran Hymnal
Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement
Lutheran Service Book
Lutheran Worship
ReClaim Hymnal
Service Book and Hymnal
First Lutheran hymnal
Erfurt Enchiridion
Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn
Praxis pietatis melica
Becker Psalter
Evangelisches Gesangbuch
Danish language
Den Danske Salmebog
Guldberg's hymnal
Kingo's hymnal
Thomissøn's hymnal
Faroese language
Finnish language
Siionin Virret
Virsikirja
Icelandic language
Passion Hymns
Norwegian language
Nokre salmar
Landstads kirkesalmebog
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Landstads reviderte salmebok
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Salmer 1973
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Salmer 1997
Norsk salmebok 2013
Spanish language
Swedish language
Swenske songer eller wisor 1536
Een liten Songbook
Den svenska psalmboken (1819)
Hemlandssånger (1891)
Den svenska psalmboken (1986)
Hymnodist
Hymnologist
Mikael Agricola
Johann Georg Albinus
Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
Michael Altenburg
Anna Sophia II, Abbess of Quedlinburg
Johann Sebastian Bach
Countess Emilie Juliane of Barby-Mühlingen
Martin Behm
Sigmund von Birken
Carl Boberg
Birgitte Cathrine Boye
Hans Adolph Brorson
Johan Nordahl Brun
Joachim a Burck
Dieterich Buxtehude
Christian Cappelen
Elisabeth Cruciger
Johann Crüger
Simon Dach
Wolfgang Dachstein
Nikolaus Decius
Paul Eber
Ludmilla Elisabeth of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Princess Eugénie of Sweden
Jacobus Finno
Paul Fleming (poet)
Johann Franck
Michael Franck
Melchior Franck
Salomon Franck
Frans Michael Franzén
Erik Gustaf Geijer
Paul Gerhardt
Bartholomäus Gesius
Johannes Gigas
N. F. S. Grundtvig
Britt G. Hallqvist
Andreas Hammerschmidt
Claus Harms
Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg
Christian Fürchtegott Gellert
Johann Heermann
Ludwig Helmbold
Valerius Herberger
Nikolaus Herman
Johannes Hermann
Sebald Heyden
Anders Hovden
Konrad Hubert
Bernhard Severin Ingemann
Justus Jonas
Sigfrid Karg-Elert
Christian Keymann
Balthasar Kindermann
Thomas Kingo
Børre Knudsen
Johann Kolross
Johann Balthasar König
Julius Krohn
Magnus Brostrup Landstad
Ludvig Mathias Lindeman
Elias Lönnrot
Matthäus Apelles von Löwenstern
Matthias Loy
Sigurd Lunde (bishop)
Martin Luther
Wilhelmi Malmivaara
Hemminki of Masku
Felix Mendelssohn
Johann Matthäus Meyfart
Georg Neumark
Erdmann Neumeister
Johann Pachelbel
Hallgrímur Pétursson
Michael Praetorius
Christian Heinrich Postel
Adam Reusner
Bartholomäus Ringwaldt
Martin Rinkart
Johann Rist
Christian Knorr von Rosenroth
Daniel Rumpius
Johan Ludvig Runeberg
Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer
Lina Sandell
Carl Schalk
Martin Schalling the Younger
Heinrich Scheidemann
Johann Hermann Schein
Benjamin Schmolck
Cyriakus Schneegass
Johann Schop
Johann Balthasar Schupp
Heinrich Schütz
Nikolaus Selnecker
Eyvind Skeie
Haquin Spegel
Lazarus Spengler
Paul Speratus
Philipp Spitta (poet)
Paul Stockmann
Jesper Swedberg
Jiří Třanovský
Melchior Teschner
N. Samuel of Tranquebar
Zachris Topelius
Leonard Typpö
Jaroslav Vajda
Gottfried Vopelius
Philipp Wackernagel
Johan Olof Wallin
Johann Walter
Michael Weiße
Georg Weissel
Olle Widestrand
Carl David af Wirsén
Catherine Winkworth
Johannes Zahn
Martin Luther#Hymnodist
List of hymns by Martin Luther
Lutheran hymn
Hymnody of continental Europe#Reformation
Lutheran chorale
Chorale setting
Chorale cantata
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